MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2000 Mar 31;49(12):253-8.
In 1988, the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis by December 31, 2000 (1). Although progress has been extraordinary (2), full implementation of polio eradication strategies has been delayed in several countries affected by war. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has experienced continual armed conflict since October 1996. As a result, DRC is the last country in the African Region of the World Health Organization (WHO) to implement National Immunization Days (NIDs*). DRC is an important global reservoir for wild poliovirus and shares more than 5580 miles (9000 km) of border with nine countries; in at least seven of these countries polio is endemic. The large area of DRC, substantial amount of poverty, weak health-care infrastructure, poor transportation and communication, and competing demands for resources present considerable challenges to polio eradication. This report summarizes information on the existing health-care infrastructure and routine coverage, information from NIDs carried out in 1999, and results from the recently established surveillance system for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP).
1988年,世界卫生大会决定到2000年12月31日根除脊髓灰质炎(1)。尽管进展显著(2),但在一些受战争影响的国家,根除脊髓灰质炎策略的全面实施有所延迟。自1996年10月以来,刚果民主共和国(DRC)一直经历持续的武装冲突。因此,刚果民主共和国是世界卫生组织(WHO)非洲区域最后一个实施国家免疫日(NIDs*)的国家。刚果民主共和国是野生脊髓灰质炎病毒的一个重要全球储存地,与九个国家接壤,边境线超过5580英里(9000公里);其中至少七个国家脊髓灰质炎呈地方性流行。刚果民主共和国面积广大、贫困现象严重、卫生保健基础设施薄弱、交通和通信条件差,以及对资源的竞争需求,给脊髓灰质炎根除工作带来了巨大挑战。本报告总结了有关现有卫生保健基础设施和常规覆盖率的信息、1999年开展的国家免疫日信息,以及最近建立的急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)监测系统的结果。