Ornellas C P
UNICAMP.
Rev Bras Enferm. 1998 Apr-Jun;51(2):253-62. doi: 10.1590/s0034-71671998000200007.
The hospitals were, since its source, a place of retirement and shelter of sick people. The Church, in Middle Age, founded hospitals in their monasteries, where sick people took care and a assistance, more religious than therapeutic. In the final of Middle Age the hospital became an exclusion's place for the crazy people, the leprous people, the bec people and the sick people were guided to. With de arisemens hospital became privilegious space where sick people could be observed and the art of care was consolidate. The apprehension of care practices by the capitalism way of production changed the welcoming character of the hospital that would be an instrument of work, productive space not only of treatment but, foremost, of values.
医院从其起源开始,就是病人休养和庇护的场所。在中世纪,教会在其修道院内建立了医院,在那里病人得到照料和帮助,更多的是宗教方面而非治疗方面的。在中世纪末期,医院成为了疯子、麻风病人、乞丐的收容场所,而病人则被引导到这里。随着医院的兴起,医院成为了特权空间,在这里病人可以得到观察,护理艺术得以巩固。资本主义生产方式对护理实践的理解改变了医院的接待性质,医院将成为一种工作工具,不仅是治疗的生产空间,更重要的是价值的生产空间。