Matkar N M, Rupwate R U, Desai N K, Kamat S R
Dept. of Pharmacology and Respiratory Medicine, KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai.
J Assoc Physicians India. 1999 Sep;47(9):878-82.
Asthma is well controllable but non-curable disease. Exact pathophysiology involved is unresolved till today. Role of allergic hypersensitivity reaction in asthmatic on-set is well established. Present work is an effort to elucidate some basic points of unresolved pathophysiology of asthma taking platelets as marker.
A group of 52 normal human subjects in the age group of 20-60 years were studied for platelet histamine and serotonin levels and also for their plasma metabolising enzymes diamine oxidase (DAO) and monoamine oxidase (MAO). The data was collected for 79 asthmatic patients at different stages of asthma and accordingly were studied as four different groups of seventy nine asthmatics those were on regular treatment and were comfortable with drugs and were free from symptomatic attack formed gr. I; these (79) patients were followed-up during their symptomatic phase (gr. II) and same (79) patients immediately after their recovery from symptomatic stage studied as gr. III members. All the 79 asthmatic patients fall in gr. I, II and III in a serial manner i.e. all (n = 79) in each group. A separate group of thirty seven patients with known history of asthma but were symptom free and also off drugs for last 2-4 years formed gr. IV.
Results showed mean platelet count in asthmatics at all four stages were in the normal range but were slightly low in comparison with normals. Both the enzymatic levels (DAO and MAO) in gr. I, II and III were significantly higher than normals but were same in the case of gr. IV patients. Low levels of platelet biogenic amines were observed in asthmatics (gr. I to gr. IV) than normals.
Thus, study parameters showed significant difference in asthmatics and normals. Findings of the study have been utilized to understand unanswered hypersensitivity shown by the asthmatics over normal individuals (non-asthmatics).
哮喘是一种可有效控制但无法治愈的疾病。其确切的病理生理学机制至今尚未完全明确。过敏超敏反应在哮喘发病中的作用已得到充分证实。本研究旨在以血小板为标志物，阐明哮喘未解决的病理生理学的一些基本要点。
对一组52名年龄在20 - 60岁的正常人类受试者进行血小板组胺和血清素水平以及血浆代谢酶二胺氧化酶（DAO）和单胺氧化酶（MAO）的研究。收集了79名处于不同哮喘阶段的患者的数据，并将其分为四组进行研究，这79名哮喘患者正在接受常规治疗，对药物耐受且无症状发作，构成第一组；这些（79名）患者在症状期（第二组）接受随访，并且在从症状期恢复后立即进行研究，作为第三组成员。所有79名哮喘患者依次归入第一组、第二组和第三组，即每组均为79名。另外一组37名有哮喘病史但无症状且在过去2 - 4年未用药的患者构成第四组。
结果显示，哮喘患者在所有四个阶段的平均血小板计数均在正常范围内，但与正常人相比略低。第一组、第二组和第三组的酶水平（DAO和MAO）均显著高于正常人，但第四组患者的酶水平与正常人相同。与正常人相比，哮喘患者（第一组至第四组）的血小板生物胺水平较低。
因此，研究参数显示哮喘患者与正常人之间存在显著差异。本研究结果有助于理解哮喘患者相对于正常个体（非哮喘患者）所表现出的未得到解答的超敏反应。
