Zafar H, Eriksson P O, Nordh E, Häggman-Henrikson B
Department of Odontology, Clinical Oral Physiology, Umeå University, Sweden.
J Oral Rehabil. 2000 Mar;27(3):227-38. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2842.2000.00505.x.
Human mandibular movements in space are the result of combined motions of the mandible and the head-neck. They can be simultaneously monitored by an optoelectronic recording technique via markers at different locations on the mandible and on the head. Markers can be attached to the teeth or to the facial skin. Mandibular movements relative to the head can be calculated by one- or three-dimensional (1D and 3D, respectively) mathematical compensation for head movements. The present study analysed mandibular and associated head movements during maximal jaw opening-closing tasks in 10 healthy subjects using a wireless 3D optoelectronic movement recording system. The study aimed to: (i) estimate the soft tissue related displacement of skin-attached markers at different locations on the face; (ii) compare 1D with 3D mathematical compensation for associated head movements; (iii) evaluate the influence of marker location on the recorded head and mandibular movement amplitudes; and (iv) compare skin-attached markers with teeth-attached markers with regard to temporal estimates of recorded mandibular and head movements. Markers were attached to the upper and lower incisors and to the skin of the forehead, nose-bridge, nose-tip and chin. Soft tissue related displacement of skin-attached markers varied between locations. The displacement for the chin marker was larger than that of other markers. The least displacement was found for the nose-bridge marker. However, relative to mandibular and head movements, respectively, the displacement of the chin marker was of the same order as that of the nose-bridge marker. The temporal estimates were not significantly affected by displacement of the skin-attached markers. Markers at different locations on the head and the mandible registered different amplitudes. The mandibular movement patterns calculated by 1D and 3D compensation were not comparable. It is concluded that markers attached to the chin and the nose-bridge can be reliably used in temporal analyses of mandibular and head movements during maximal jaw opening-closing. With certain limitations, they are acceptable for spatial analyses. Selection of method of marker attachment, marker location, and method of compensation for associated head movements should be based on the aim of the study.
人类下颌在空间中的运动是下颌与头颈联合运动的结果。它们可以通过光电记录技术，利用下颌和头部不同位置的标记物同时进行监测。标记物可以附着在牙齿或面部皮肤上。相对于头部的下颌运动可以通过对头部运动进行一维或三维（分别为1D和3D）数学补偿来计算。本研究使用无线3D光电运动记录系统，分析了10名健康受试者在最大张口 - 闭口任务期间的下颌及相关头部运动。该研究旨在：（i）估计面部不同位置皮肤附着标记物的软组织相关位移；（ii）比较1D和3D数学补偿对相关头部运动的效果；（iii）评估标记物位置对记录的头部和下颌运动幅度的影响；（iv）比较皮肤附着标记物和牙齿附着标记物在记录下颌和头部运动时间估计方面的差异。标记物附着在上、下切牙以及前额、鼻梁、鼻尖和下巴的皮肤上。皮肤附着标记物的软组织相关位移在不同位置之间有所不同。下巴标记物的位移大于其他标记物。鼻梁标记物的位移最小。然而，分别相对于下颌和头部运动，下巴标记物的位移与鼻梁标记物的位移处于同一量级。皮肤附着标记物的位移对时间估计没有显著影响。头部和下颌不同位置的标记物记录到不同的幅度。通过1D和3D补偿计算得到的下颌运动模式不可比。结论是，附着在下巴和鼻梁上的标记物可可靠地用于最大张口 - 闭口期间下颌和头部运动的时间分析。尽管存在一定局限性，但它们可用于空间分析。标记物附着方法、标记物位置以及相关头部运动补偿方法的选择应基于研究目的。
