Friedrich M, Kranzl A, Heiller I, Kirtley C, Cermak T
Department of Orthopaedic Physiotherapy, Orthopaedic Hospital Speising, and the Gait Laboratory, Orthopaedic Hospital Speising, Vienna, Austria.
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000 May 1;25(9):1118-25. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200005010-00013.
Simultaneous spine kinematic variables in sewage workers were quantified using a two-dimensional video-based gait analysis system.
To identify patterns of spinal posture in a population of sewage workers pushing waste matter through tunnels while walking stooped under various height constraints.
Working with stooped postures is one of several occupational risk factors that have been associated with spinal disorders. However, the specific changes in spinal posture during stooped walking under various height constraints have not been documented.
A video-based gait analysis system was used to measure spinal posture in 22 sewage workers. Angles of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine in the sagittal plane were assessed during walking with five levels of height constraint, from upright walking to stooped walking under a headroom restriction of 105 cm. Correlations among gait parameters, demographic data, and clinical results were determined. Linear regression analysis was performed to examine which variables have the largest impact on the posture resulting from a given vertical height constraint when age and body height are held constant.
Mean angular values changed significantly with increasing headroom restrictions, with increases in cervical and thoracic extension as well as lumbar flexion. The cervical and thoracic angles were best correlated with height constraint, followed by lumbar angle and stride length. The inverse relation between cervical and thoracic angle during upright walking increased with increasing vertical space constraints, whereas the relation between the thoracic and lumbar angles decreased. Subjects with decreased abdominal muscle strength adopted a significantly more kyphotic thoracic posture when walking under headroom constraints than subjects with normal abdominal muscle strength.
Combined walking and pushing under vertical space constraints was associated not only with the expected increased flexion of the lumbar spine, but also with greater extension (i.e., reduced kyphosis) of the thoracic spine.
使用基于二维视频的步态分析系统对污水工人的脊柱运动学变量进行同步量化。
确定在各种高度限制下弯腰行走时，一群在隧道中推送废物的污水工人的脊柱姿势模式。
弯腰工作姿势是与脊柱疾病相关的几种职业风险因素之一。然而，在各种高度限制下弯腰行走时脊柱姿势的具体变化尚未有文献记载。
使用基于视频的步态分析系统测量22名污水工人的脊柱姿势。在从直立行走至在105厘米净空限制下弯腰行走的五种高度限制水平下行走过程中，评估矢状面颈椎、胸椎和腰椎的角度。确定步态参数、人口统计学数据和临床结果之间的相关性。进行线性回归分析，以检查在年龄和身高保持不变的情况下，哪些变量对给定垂直高度限制导致的姿势影响最大。
随着净空限制增加，平均角度值发生显著变化，颈椎和胸椎伸展增加以及腰椎前屈增加。颈椎和胸椎角度与高度限制相关性最佳，其次是腰椎角度和步幅长度。直立行走时颈椎和胸椎角度之间的反比关系随着垂直空间限制增加而增加，而胸椎和腰椎角度之间的关系则减小。与腹肌力量正常的受试者相比，腹肌力量减弱的受试者在净空限制下行走时胸椎后凸姿势明显更明显。
在垂直空间限制下行走并推物不仅与预期的腰椎前屈增加有关，还与胸椎更大程度的伸展（即后凸减少）有关。
