Giordano N, Winans JP
Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1396, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2000 Apr;107(4):2248-55. doi: 10.1121/1.428505.
We have studied the force characteristics of a collection of piano hammers, through studies of the acceleration of the hammer head, the force due to the compression of the hammer felt, Fh, and the associated bending of the hammer shank which occurs when a hammer strikes a rigid object. By integration of the acceleration one can estimate the compression of the felt, and thus obtain a force-compression Fh(z) relationship; our results for this function are compared with previous experiments and theoretical models. Close examination of our findings suggests that bending of the hammer shank, and also the time required for the force to be transmitted from the outer edge of the hammer to its core, play significant roles in the hammer dynamics. The data are used to estimate the quantitative impact of these effects on the derived Fh(z) relation. The implications for physical modeling of a piano tone are briefly discussed.
我们通过研究琴槌头部的加速度、琴槌毡垫压缩产生的力Fh以及琴槌敲击刚性物体时琴槌柄发生的相关弯曲，对一组钢琴琴槌的力特性进行了研究。通过对加速度进行积分，可以估算毡垫的压缩量，从而得到力-压缩量Fh(z)的关系；我们将该函数的结果与之前的实验和理论模型进行了比较。对我们的研究结果进行仔细检查表明，琴槌柄的弯曲以及力从琴槌外边缘传递到其核心所需的时间，在琴槌动力学中起着重要作用。这些数据用于估算这些效应对导出的Fh(z)关系的定量影响。简要讨论了其对钢琴音调物理建模的意义。
