Shields JC, Rix HW, McIntosh DH, Ho LC, Rudnick G, Filippenko AV, Sargent WL, Sarzi M
Astrophys J. 2000 May 1;534(1):L27-L30. doi: 10.1086/312660.
We present spectroscopic observations from the Hubble Space Telescope that reveal for the first time the presence of a broad pedestal of Balmer line emission in the LINER galaxy NGC 4203. The emission-line profile is suggestive of a relativistic accretion disk and is reminiscent of double-peaked transient Balmer emission observed in a handful of other LINERs. The very broad line emission thus constitutes clear qualitative evidence for a black hole, and spatially resolved narrow-line emission in NGC 4203 can be used to constrain its mass, MBH</=6x106 M middle dot in circle, at 99.7% confidence. This value implies a ratio of black hole mass to bulge mass of less, similar7x10-4 in NGC 4203, which is less by a factor of approximately 3-9 than the mean ratio obtained for other galaxies. The availability of an independent constraint on central black hole mass makes NGC 4203 an important testbed for probing the physics of weak active galactic nuclei. Assuming MBH near the detection limit, the ratio of the observed luminosity to the Eddington luminosity is approximately 10-4. This value is consistent with advection-dominated accretion and hence with scenarios in which an ion torus irradiates an outer accretion disk that produces the observed double-peaked line emission. Follow-up observations will make it possible to improve the black hole mass estimate and study variability in the nuclear emission.
我们展示了来自哈勃太空望远镜的光谱观测结果,首次揭示了在低电离核发射线星系NGC 4203中存在巴尔末线发射的宽基座。发射线轮廓暗示存在相对论性吸积盘,并且让人联想到在少数其他低电离核发射线星系中观测到的双峰瞬态巴尔末发射。因此,极宽的线发射构成了黑洞存在的明确定性证据,NGC 4203中空间分辨的窄线发射可用于在99.7%的置信度下约束其质量,MBH≤6×10⁶ M⊙。这个值意味着在NGC 4203中黑洞质量与核球质量之比小于约7×10⁻⁴,比其他星系获得的平均比值小约3至9倍。对中心黑洞质量的独立约束使得NGC 4203成为探测弱活动星系核物理的重要试验台。假设MBH接近探测极限,观测光度与爱丁顿光度之比约为10⁻⁴。这个值与对流主导吸积一致,因此与离子环照射产生观测到的双峰线发射的外部吸积盘的情景一致。后续观测将有可能改进黑洞质量估计并研究核发射的变化。