Nicol N H
National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, USA.
Nurse Pract. 2000 Apr;25(4):58-9, 63-4, 69-70 passim; quiz 80-1. doi: 10.1097/00006205-200025040-00004.
Although the etiology of atopic dermatitis is not well understood, it appears to be linked to a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and it is usually associated with other atopic diseases such as asthma and hay fever. A definitive diagnosis in children and adults depends on identifying the nature and distribution of the lesions and on eliciting a personal or family history of the disease. Although no cure exists, atopic dermatitis often resolves spontaneously and can be controlled through proper management. Avoiding factors that precipitate or exacerbate inflammation is key to preventing disease flares. In children and adults, hydration and topical corticosteroids are the mainstays of therapy. Current advances in understanding the immunologic basis of the disease have led to the development of highly effective new treatments. Using patient education and support, the clinician can help adults and children successfully manage their disease.
虽然特应性皮炎的病因尚未完全明确，但它似乎与遗传和环境因素的综合作用有关，并且通常与其他特应性疾病如哮喘和花粉症相关。儿童和成人的确诊取决于确定皮损的性质和分布以及了解个人或家族疾病史。虽然无法治愈，但特应性皮炎通常会自发缓解，并且可以通过适当的管理加以控制。避免引发或加重炎症的因素是预防疾病发作的关键。在儿童和成人中，保湿和外用糖皮质激素是主要的治疗方法。目前在理解该疾病免疫基础方面的进展已促成了高效新疗法的开发。通过患者教育和支持，临床医生可以帮助成人和儿童成功管理他们的疾病。
