Soares K V, McGrath J J
Dov Hoz Street, 27/16, Kfar Saba, Israel, 44356.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000(2):CD000206. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000206.
Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a potentially disfiguring movement disorder of the orofacial region often caused by use of neuroleptic drugs. A wide range of strategies have been used to help manage TD and, for those who are unable to have their antipsychotic medication stopped or substantially changed, the calcium-channel blocking group of drugs (diltiazem, nifedipine, nimodipine, verapamil) has been suggested as a useful adjunctive treatment.
To determine the clinical efficacy of calcium-channel blockers in people with neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD) and schizophrenia or other chronic mental illnesses.
Electronic searches of Biological Abstracts (1982-1995), Cochrane Schizophrenia Group's Register of trials (1995), EMBASE (1980-1995), LILACS (1982-1996), MEDLINE (1966-1995), PsycLIT (1974-1995), and SCISEARCH were undertaken. References of all identified studies were searched for further trial citations. Principal authors of trials were contacted.
The inclusion criteria for all relevant randomised studies were that they should focus on people with schizophrenia or other chronic mental illnesses, with neuroleptic-induced TD and compare the use of calcium-channel blockers to placebo or no intervention.
No data could be extracted from the two randomised controlled trials that are currently awaiting assessment. The authors have been contacted to provide the relevant information.
No studies met the entry criteria. No data were synthesized.
REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Based on currently available information, no confident statement can be made about the effectiveness of calcium-channel blockers for treating people with neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. Before evaluation of these drugs in larger randomised controlled trials, clinicians should carefully weigh up their possible benefits against their potential adverse effects.
迟发性运动障碍（TD）是一种可能导致面部畸形的口面部运动障碍，通常由使用抗精神病药物引起。人们已采用多种策略来帮助管理TD，对于那些无法停用或大幅改变抗精神病药物的患者，钙通道阻滞剂类药物（地尔硫䓬、硝苯地平、尼莫地平、维拉帕米）已被建议作为一种有用的辅助治疗方法。
确定钙通道阻滞剂对患有抗精神病药物所致迟发性运动障碍（TD）以及精神分裂症或其他慢性精神疾病患者的临床疗效。
对《生物学文摘》（1982 - 1995年）、Cochrane精神分裂症研究组试验注册库（1995年）、EMBASE（1980 - 1995年）、LILACS（1982 - 1996年）、MEDLINE（1966 - 1995年）、PsycLIT（1974 - 1995年）和SCISEARCH进行了电子检索。对所有已识别研究的参考文献进行检索以获取更多试验引用。与试验的主要作者进行了联系。
所有相关随机研究的纳入标准为，研究应聚焦于患有精神分裂症或其他慢性精神疾病且患有抗精神病药物所致TD的患者，并将钙通道阻滞剂的使用与安慰剂或不进行干预进行比较。
目前正在等待评估的两项随机对照试验无法提取数据。已与作者联系以获取相关信息。
没有研究符合纳入标准。未进行数据综合分析。
基于目前可得信息，无法就钙通道阻滞剂治疗抗精神病药物所致迟发性运动障碍患者的有效性做出可靠陈述。在对这些药物进行更大规模的随机对照试验评估之前，临床医生应仔细权衡其可能带来的益处与潜在的不良反应。
