Foxwell A R, Cripps A W
Division of Science & Design, University of Canberra, ACT 2601, Ausatalia.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000(2):CD001958. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001958.
To assess the effects of an oral whole cell nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) vaccine in protecting against recurrent episodes of bronchitis.
We searched the Cochrane trials register, MEDLINE, Extramed, ISI Current Contents, Carl Uncover and contacted investigators of the studies.
Randomised trials comparing the effects of an oral monobacterial NTHi vaccine on patients with recurrent exacerbations of bronchitis were included when there was overt matching of the vaccine and placebo groups on clinical grounds.
Two reviewers extracted data and assessed trial quality independently from original records and publications for incidence and severity of bronchitis episodes and carriage rate of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae in the upper respiratory tract every three months following vaccination.
Six trials were included in the study with a total of 440 participants. Oral vaccination using a monobacterial whole cell killed nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae significantly reduced the incidence of bronchitic episodes at 3 months (Weighted Mean Difference [WMD] 6.694; 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.963 - -6.424; p < 0.01) and 6 months (WMD 4.496; 95% CI 4.664 - -4.327; p < 0.01) following vaccination. The effect diminished by 9 months. The severity of exacerbations in the treatment group was likewise reduced by 58% at 3 months (Peto OR = 0. 42; 95% CI 0.16 1.13), and 65% at 6 months (Peto OR = 0.35; 95% CI 0. 16 0.75) following vaccination.
REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination, in the autumn, of patients with recurrent exacerbations of bronchitis reduced the number and severity of exacerbations over the winter months. A large clinical trial to assess longer term prognosis needs to be completed.
评估口服全细胞不可分型流感嗜血杆菌（NTHi）疫苗预防支气管炎复发的效果。
我们检索了Cochrane试验注册库、MEDLINE、Extramed、ISI现刊目次、Carl Uncover，并联系了研究的调查人员。
当疫苗组和安慰剂组在临床方面有明显匹配时，纳入比较口服单一细菌NTHi疫苗对支气管炎复发患者效果的随机试验。
两名审阅者独立从原始记录和出版物中提取数据，并评估试验质量，内容包括接种疫苗后每三个月支气管炎发作的发生率和严重程度以及上呼吸道中不可分型流感嗜血杆菌的携带率。
该研究纳入了6项试验，共有440名参与者。使用单一细菌全细胞灭活不可分型流感嗜血杆菌进行口服疫苗接种，在接种后3个月（加权平均差[WMD] 6.694；95%置信区间[CI] 6.963 - -6.424；p < 0.01）和6个月（WMD 4.496；95% CI 4.664 - -4.327；p < 0.01）时，显著降低了支气管炎发作的发生率。这种效果在9个月时减弱。治疗组在接种后3个月时发作的严重程度同样降低了58%（Peto比值比 = 0.42；95% CI 0.16 1.13），6个月时降低了65%（Peto比值比 = 0.35；95% CI 0.16 0.75）。
在秋季对支气管炎复发患者进行疫苗接种，可减少冬季发作的次数和严重程度。需要完成一项大型临床试验以评估长期预后。
