Shirran E, Brazzelli M
Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Polwarth Building, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK, AB25 2ZD.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000(2):CD001406. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001406.
Incontinence is a distressing condition with significant medical, social and economic implications. People suffering from incontinence, who cannot be successfully cured, depend, almost exclusively, on the use of containment products to manage their symptoms.
Many people with incontinence cannot be cured and so depend on symptomatic management. The objective was to assess the effects of different types of absorbent product for the containment of urinary and/or faecal incontinence.
We searched the Cochrane Incontinence Group trials register (March 1999), Embase (to January 1999), Cinahl (to January 1999), HealthSTAR (to January 1999) and the reference lists of relevant articles. We contacted investigators in the field to locate studies. Date of the most recent searches: March 1999.
Types of studies All randomised or quasi-randomised trials of absorbent products for the containment of urinary and/or faecal incontinence. Types of participants All adults with urinary and/or faecal incontinence were eligible. The intention was to subdivide participants by severity of underlying incontinence, level of mobility and gender, but this proved not to be feasible. Types of intervention Absorbent products (bodyworns, underpads, and different fabric types for disposable products), for any severity of incontinence.
Trials were evaluated for subject relevance and methodological quality using a standard methodological quality assessment form. If applicable, data on relevant outcomes were then abstracted using a standardised data abstraction form.
Five studies with a total of 345 participants met the selection criteria. Two studies compared disposable with non-disposable bodyworns, one disposable with non-disposable underpads, two fluff pulp with superabsorbent polymers, and one bodyworns with underpads. Data presented on effects were available for few outcomes and were subject to potential bias.
REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: The data were too few and of insufficient quality to provide a firm basis for practice. Disposable products may be more effective than non-disposable products in decreasing the incidence of skin problems and superabsorbent products may perform better than fluff pulp products. However, based on the available evidence, these conclusions can only be tentative.
尿失禁是一种令人苦恼的病症，具有重大的医学、社会和经济影响。患有尿失禁且无法成功治愈的患者几乎完全依赖使用防护产品来控制症状。
许多尿失禁患者无法治愈，因此依赖症状管理。目的是评估不同类型的吸收性产品对控制尿失禁和/或大便失禁的效果。
我们检索了Cochrane尿失禁小组试验注册库（1999年3月）、Embase（至1999年1月）、Cinahl（至1999年1月）、HealthSTAR（至1999年1月）以及相关文章的参考文献列表。我们联系了该领域的研究人员以查找研究。最近一次检索日期：1999年3月。
研究类型 所有关于用于控制尿失禁和/或大便失禁的吸收性产品的随机或半随机试验。参与者类型 所有患有尿失禁和/或大便失禁的成年人均符合条件。原计划按潜在尿失禁的严重程度、活动能力水平和性别对参与者进行细分，但事实证明这不可行。干预类型 适用于任何严重程度尿失禁的吸收性产品（贴身穿着式、床垫式以及一次性产品的不同织物类型）。
使用标准的方法学质量评估表对试验进行主题相关性和方法学质量评估。如果适用，然后使用标准化的数据提取表提取相关结局的数据。
五项研究共345名参与者符合选择标准。两项研究比较了一次性与非一次性贴身穿着式产品，一项比较了一次性与非一次性床垫式产品，两项比较了绒毛浆与高吸水性聚合物，一项比较了贴身穿着式与床垫式产品。所呈现的关于效果的数据仅涉及少数结局，且存在潜在偏差。
数据数量过少且质量不足，无法为实践提供坚实依据。一次性产品在降低皮肤问题发生率方面可能比非一次性产品更有效，高吸水性产品可能比绒毛浆产品表现更好。然而，基于现有证据，这些结论只能是初步的。
