Tornetta P, Mostafavi HR
Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, and State University of New York Health Science Center at Brooklyn.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 1997 Jan;5(1):27-36. doi: 10.5435/00124635-199701000-00004.
Dislocation of the hip occurs only with high-energy trauma, and concomitant injuries are common. Early diagnosis and institution of treatment are necessary to obtain the best possible results. Treatment protocols include emergent reduction of the femoral head to reestablish perfusion, postreduction radiography and computed tomography to look for associated fractures and to judge the concentricity of the reduction, stability testing, and early mobilization. Open reduction may be required if a concentric reduction cannot be obtained in a closed manner. Despite appropriate management, posttraumatic arthritis and avascular necrosis may occur, with reported rates as high as 15% to 30%. Patients who sustain a hip dislocation should be made aware of these potential complications at the time of initial treatment.
髋关节脱位仅发生于高能量创伤，且常伴有其他损伤。早期诊断和治疗干预对于取得最佳治疗效果很有必要。治疗方案包括紧急复位股骨头以重建血供、复位后行X线摄影及计算机断层扫描以查找相关骨折并判断复位的同心性、稳定性测试以及早期活动。若无法通过闭合方式实现同心复位，则可能需要切开复位。尽管采取了恰当的治疗措施，创伤后关节炎和缺血性坏死仍可能发生，报告发生率高达15%至30%。髋关节脱位患者在初始治疗时应被告知这些潜在并发症。
