Pidoux A L, Allshire R C
Human Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2000 Jun;12(3):308-19. doi: 10.1016/s0955-0674(00)00094-6.
On monocentric chromosomes the centromere is the chromosomal site at which the kinetochore complex is assembled. This complex mediates the attachment and movement of chromosomes along spindle microtubules. The centromere is usually the last site to retain cohesion between sister centromeres. The location of the main sensor for defective spindle assembly at the kinetochore allows the release of this cohesion, and thus progression through mitosis, to be held in check until key events have been completed. The intricate nature of the centromere-kinetochore complexes and the events they co-ordinate and react to is presently being dissected by studies in several organisms. In particular, several new kinetochore proteins have been identified in many organisms over the last year.
在单着丝粒染色体上，着丝粒是组装动粒复合体的染色体位点。该复合体介导染色体沿纺锤体微管的附着和移动。着丝粒通常是姐妹着丝粒之间保持黏连的最后位点。位于动粒上的纺锤体组装缺陷主要传感器的位置，使得这种黏连的释放以及有丝分裂的进程能够在关键事件完成之前受到抑制。着丝粒 - 动粒复合体的复杂性质以及它们所协调和响应的事件，目前正通过对多种生物体的研究进行剖析。特别是，在过去一年里，许多生物体中已鉴定出几种新的动粒蛋白。
