Mayer M E
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, Ohio State University and the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
Prim Care. 2000 Jun;27(2):277-88. doi: 10.1016/s0095-4543(05)70195-0.
Accurate diagnosis of skin disorders is essential for primary care physicians; studies have shown that dermatologic diagnosis by primary care trainees and attending physicians could be improved. Careful attention to the history and a systematic approach to the physical examination are essential to our diagnostic skills. Thorough description of the history and physical findings are valuable for reference as the condition evolves and for communication when referral to a dermatologist is needed. This article reviews the lexicon of skin disorders, beginning with description of the component of skin affected, the primary lesion, the extent and distribution, the characteristics of the lesions, and secondary or special lesions. Careful description of skin color, moisture, turgor, texture, and temperature are emphasized, and definition of skin lesions follows.
对于初级保健医生来说，准确诊断皮肤疾病至关重要；研究表明，初级保健实习生和主治医生的皮肤病诊断能力有待提高。仔细关注病史并采用系统的体格检查方法对我们的诊断技能至关重要。对病史和体格检查结果进行全面描述，对于病情发展过程中的参考以及在需要转诊皮肤科医生时的沟通都很有价值。本文回顾了皮肤疾病的术语，首先描述受影响的皮肤组成部分、原发性皮损、范围和分布、皮损特征以及继发性或特殊皮损。强调了对皮肤颜色、湿度、弹性、质地和温度的仔细描述，并对皮肤病变进行了定义。
