Ravera M J, Miralles R, Santander H, Valenzuela S, Villaneuva P, Zúñiga C
Institute of Rehabilitation of Maxillofacial Malformations and Deformities, Faculty of Odontology, University of Chile, Santiago.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2000 May;37(3):286-91. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_2000_037_0286_csbcwa_2.3.co_2.
This study was conducted to compare electromyographic (EMG) activity of superior orbicularis oris muscle between children with repaired cleft lip and cleft palate and children without clefts.
This study included 28 children with mixed dentition. They were divided into two groups. The study group included 14 children with repaired unilateral cleft lip and cleft palate, ranging in age from 6 to 12 years, who presented clinically with a short upper lip, abnormal lip seal, and inhibition of sagittal development of the midface as assessed radiographically. The control group included 14 children without clefts ranging in age from 8 to 11 years. All had normal lip seal, nasal breathing, and a clinically normal body posture.
Bipolar surface electrodes were used for EMG recordings of resting level activity and during swallowing of saliva, speech, and chewing and swallowing of an apple.
A significantly higher level of activity at rest and during swallowing of saliva was observed in the cleft lip and cleft palate group. Similar activity during speech and chewing and swallowing of an apple was observed in both groups. The higher level of activity at rest and during swallowing of saliva in children with cleft lip and cleft palate seems to suggest that upon higher functional demands their activity increases less than in children without clefts. From a clinical point of view, if increased EMG activity at rest and during swallowing of saliva reflects increased force on the maxilla, then our findings may corroborate Bardach's findings (1990) that surgical treatment of cleft lip has an iatrogenic effect on facial growth, although the lack of significant correlation between the cephalometric data and EMG findings in the present study.
本研究旨在比较唇腭裂修复术后儿童与非唇腭裂儿童口轮匝肌上部的肌电图（EMG）活动情况。
本研究纳入28名混合牙列儿童，分为两组。研究组包括14名单侧唇腭裂修复术后儿童，年龄在6至12岁之间，临床检查显示上唇短、唇闭合异常，影像学评估显示中面部矢状向发育受抑制。对照组包括14名非唇腭裂儿童，年龄在8至11岁之间。所有儿童唇闭合正常、鼻呼吸正常，临床身体姿势正常。
使用双极表面电极记录静息水平活动以及唾液吞咽、言语、咀嚼苹果和吞咽苹果过程中的肌电图。
唇腭裂组在静息状态和唾液吞咽时的活动水平明显更高。两组在言语、咀嚼苹果和吞咽苹果时的活动相似。唇腭裂儿童在静息状态和唾液吞咽时较高的活动水平似乎表明，在功能需求增加时，他们的活动增加幅度小于非唇腭裂儿童。从临床角度来看，如果静息状态和唾液吞咽时肌电图活动增加反映对上颌骨的作用力增加，那么我们的研究结果可能证实了巴达赫（1990年）的研究结果，即唇裂手术对面部生长有医源性影响，尽管本研究中头影测量数据与肌电图结果之间缺乏显著相关性。
