1994年至1996年间10种临床分离菌株的化疗药物（尤其是碳青霉烯类）抗菌活性变化。临床分离菌株对抗菌药物敏感性监测组

[Changes in the antibacterial activity of chemotherapeutic agents (especially carbapenems) for 10 species of clinical isolates between 1994 and 1996. Surveillance group of the sensitivities of clinical isolates to antibacterial agents].

作者信息

Igari J, Watanabe N, Uehara N, Inoue M, Yoshida H, Imafuku Y, Nishino T, Shibano T, Satou S, Kobayashi I, Takahashi A, Yomoda S, Matsuoka K, Oguri T, Ohba Y, Kumasaka K, Tokuda K, Kobayashi Y, Hongo T, Okada J, Sasaki T, Matsumoto N, Hirata Y, Nakasaki N, Ono J, Takata T, Kawaguchi R, Ohtaki Y, Kajimura K, Ishigo S, Hashimoto T, Aoki N, Okamoto E, Murakami E, Saeki H

机构信息

Department of Clinical Pathology, Juntendo University, School of Medicine.

出版信息

Jpn J Antibiot. 2000 Mar;53(3):157-70.

PMID:10834147

Abstract

During October and December of each year of from 1994 to 1996, 3,849 strains of 10 species of bacteria were isolated from clinical materials in 21 institutions nationwide. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for these bacteria of four carbapenems (imipenem [IPM], panipenem [PAPM], meropenem [MEPM], and biapenem [BIPM]) and other representative antibacterial agents were measured to investigate annual changes in antibacterial activity. Carbapenems showed potent activity against methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), S. pneumoniae, E. faecalis, H. influenzae, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, E. cloacae, S. marcescens, and the B. fragilis group, with the activity being stable. However, these drugs showed weak activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and P. aeruginosa. The antibacterial activity (MIC90) against the tested organisms generally remained stable. Particularly, there was annual improvement of the MIC90 values of IPM and BIPM for S. pneumoniae, as well as the values of IPM and PAPM for H. influenzae, and those of IPM, PAPM, and BIPM for S. marcescens. On the other hand, the activity of carbapenems (including IPM) against MRSA was not necessarily strong, but there was annual improvement of MIC90 values.

摘要

在1994年至1996年期间的每年10月至12月，从全国21家机构的临床材料中分离出10种细菌的3849株菌株。测定了这四种碳青霉烯类药物（亚胺培南[IPM]、帕尼培南[PAPM]、美罗培南[MEPM]和比阿培南[BIPM]）以及其他代表性抗菌药物对这些细菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC），以研究抗菌活性的年度变化。碳青霉烯类药物对甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）、肺炎链球菌、粪肠球菌、流感嗜血杆菌、大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌、粘质沙雷菌和脆弱拟杆菌群显示出强大的活性，且活性稳定。然而，这些药物对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和铜绿假单胞菌的活性较弱。对受试菌的抗菌活性（MIC90）总体保持稳定。特别是，IPM和BIPM对肺炎链球菌的MIC90值、IPM和PAPM对流感嗜血杆菌的MIC90值以及IPM、PAPM和BIPM对粘质沙雷菌的MIC90值每年都有所改善。另一方面，碳青霉烯类药物（包括IPM）对MRSA的活性不一定很强，但MIC90值每年都有所改善。