McNeese-Smith D K
School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-6917, USA.
Care Manag J. 1999 Winter;1(1):10-8.
Case management has been used to link clients and the service system, but is loosely defined and poorly understood. The aims of this study were to describe the use and purposes of case management within substance abuse treatment programs, and also the structures and processes for providing case management services. A descriptive survey was done, with 50 program directors of 134 treatment programs (with 205 case managers), in Los Angeles County. Results showed that 80% of directors reported they use case management. Half of the programs use case management both before and after discharge, and 72% provide case management to all clients. Case managers' most important roles are to develop treatment plans and prevent relapse during treatment, and 60% of directors indicate the case managers in their programs are also counselors. Case managers perform numerous roles of coordination and advocacy. Eighty percent of case managers follow the care of the client during treatment and 32% of directors reported a case load of 1-10, while 26% reported a case load of 11-20. The professional background of case managers varies from chemical dependence professional to social worker or nurse. Twenty percent of program directors plan to increase case management in the future.
个案管理已被用于将客户与服务系统联系起来，但定义模糊且理解不足。本研究的目的是描述药物滥用治疗项目中个案管理的使用情况和目的，以及提供个案管理服务的结构和流程。在洛杉矶县，对134个治疗项目（有205名个案经理）的50名项目主管进行了描述性调查。结果显示，80%的主管报告称他们使用个案管理。一半的项目在出院前后都使用个案管理，72%的项目为所有客户提供个案管理。个案经理最重要的角色是制定治疗计划和预防治疗期间的复发，60%的主管表示他们项目中的个案经理也是咨询师。个案经理履行众多协调和倡导的职责。80%的个案经理在治疗期间跟踪客户的护理情况，32%的主管报告个案量为1至10，而26%的主管报告个案量为11至20。个案经理的专业背景从化学依赖专业人员到社会工作者或护士各不相同。20%的项目主管计划在未来增加个案管理。
