Luby S, Khanani R, Zia M, Vellani Z, Ali M, Qureshi A H, Khan A J, Abdul Mujeeb S, Shah S A, Fisher-Hoch S
Community Health Sciences Department, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Health Policy Plan. 2000 Jun;15(2):217-22. doi: 10.1093/heapol/15.2.217.
National legislation in Pakistan regulating blood banks has been introduced several times, but has never been passed. To support provincial-level efforts to develop legislation we conducted a study to evaluate blood-banking practices in Karachi, Pakistan, to identify areas that could be improved.
Thirty-seven blood banks were randomly selected from a list of 87 Karachi blood banks. The research team interviewed blood bank personnel, inspected available facilities and equipment, and observed blood collection using structured questionnaires and observation forms.
Of the 37 selected facilities, 25 were operational and 24 agreed to participate. Twelve (50%) of the facilities reported regularly utilizing paid blood donors, while only six (25%) activity recruited volunteer donors. During observation only 8% of facilities asked donors about injecting drug use, and none asked donors any questions about high-risk sexual behaviour. While 95% of blood banks had appropriate equipment and reagents to screen for hepatitis B, only 55% could screen for HIV and 23% for hepatitis C. Twenty-nine percent of the facilities were storing blood products outside the WHO recommended temperature limits.
Practices at most Karachi blood banks fell well below WHO standards. Findings from this study were instrumental in developing and passing legislation to regulate blood transfusion throughout Sindh Province, and suggest a method for improving blood transfusion practices in other developing countries.
巴基斯坦多次出台规范血库的国家立法，但均未获得通过。为支持省级层面制定立法的努力，我们开展了一项研究，以评估巴基斯坦卡拉奇的血库运作情况，确定可改进的领域。
从卡拉奇87家血库的名单中随机选取37家血库。研究团队使用结构化问卷和观察表对血库工作人员进行访谈，检查可用设施和设备，并观察采血情况。
在选定的37家机构中，25家处于运营状态，24家同意参与。其中12家机构（50%）报告经常使用有偿献血者，而只有6家机构（25%）积极招募志愿献血者。在观察过程中，只有8%的机构询问献血者是否注射过毒品，没有一家机构询问献血者任何有关高危性行为的问题。虽然95%的血库拥有筛查乙型肝炎的适当设备和试剂，但只有55%的血库能够筛查艾滋病毒，23%的血库能够筛查丙型肝炎。29%的机构将血液制品储存在世界卫生组织建议的温度范围之外。
卡拉奇大多数血库的做法远低于世界卫生组织的标准。这项研究的结果有助于制定并通过规范整个信德省输血的立法，并为其他发展中国家改进输血做法提供了一种方法。
