Winterbourn M J, McDiffett W F, Eppley S J
Department of Zoology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Sci Total Environ. 2000 May 24;254(1):45-54. doi: 10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00437-x.
Concentrations of Al and Fe were determined in samples of filamentous algae, bryophytes and invertebrates from 24 stream sites in North Westland, South Island, New Zealand. Sites were variably contaminated by acid coal mine drainage and ranged in pH from 2.6 to 6.2. Conductivity of stream water ranged from 16 to 944 microS25 cm(-1) and maximum concentrations of total dissolved Al and total Fe measured in two successive years were 35.5 and 32.6 mg l(-1), respectively. Metal burdens of algae and bryophytes were not correlated with pH, conductivity or the concentrations of Al and Fe observed in stream water. Metal concentrations in invertebrates were significantly lower than those in plants (mg per g dry wt.), and were similar in herbivore-detritivores (mainly mayfly larvae) and carnivorous species. No evidence was found for the biomagnification of either metal within aquatic food webs. However, invertebrate species exposed to very high concentrations of Al and Fe varied considerably in body burdens, suggesting that groups of insects differ considerably in their physiological or morphological ability to exclude potentially toxic metals.
对来自新西兰南岛西北地24个溪流地点的丝状藻类、苔藓植物和无脊椎动物样本中的铝和铁浓度进行了测定。这些地点受到酸性煤矿排水的不同程度污染，pH值在2.6至6.2之间。溪水的电导率在16至944微西门子/厘米之间，连续两年测得的总溶解铝和总铁的最大浓度分别为35.5毫克/升和32.6毫克/升。藻类和苔藓植物的金属含量与pH值、电导率或溪水中铝和铁的浓度无关。无脊椎动物中的金属浓度明显低于植物中的浓度（毫克/克干重），在草食性碎屑食性动物（主要是蜉蝣幼虫）和肉食性物种中相似。未发现这两种金属在水生食物网中存在生物放大现象。然而，暴露于非常高浓度铝和铁的无脊椎动物物种的体内含量差异很大，这表明不同昆虫群体在排除潜在有毒金属的生理或形态能力上有很大差异。
