Yamamoto T, Phalen S, Uchida K, Umemori K, Nojima Y, Horiuchi Y, Goto Y, McMurray D N, Yamamoto S
Dept. Bacterial & Blood Products, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Kekkaku. 2000 May;75(5):379-88.
BCG Tokyo 172 strain was examined for its protective efficacy against pulmonary tuberculosis in a guinea pig model. Guinea pigs were vaccinated with an intradermal injection of 10(3) CFU of BCG Tokyo 172 strain. BCG Copenhagen 1331 was employed as a control strain. Eight weeks after the vaccination, the animals were infected with about 10 CFU of M. tuberculosis H37Rv by a respiratory route in an aerosol chamber. Five weeks after infection, the animals were euthanized and their spleens, lungs and livers were obtained for enumeration of M. tuberculosis H37Rv and histopathological examinations. The mean log10 CFU of M. tuberculosis H37Rv recovered from right lower lung lobes of guinea pigs vaccinated with BCG Tokyo 172 (frozen), BCG Tokyo 172 (freeze-dried), BCG Copenhagen 1331 (freeze-dried) and placebo were 4.72, 4.23, 4.35 and 5.76, respectively. The mean log10 CFU of the bacteria recovered from spleens were 2.11, 1.51, 1.37 and 5.90, respectively. There was a significant difference in bacterial recovery from both lung and spleen between the vaccinated and the non-vaccinated groups. No significant difference was seen among the groups vaccinated with different strains of BCG in any organ. The lungs exhibited just small granulomatous nodules and the spleens showed no granulomatous nodules in the BCG-vaccinated guinea pigs. On the other hand, the lungs and spleens from non-vaccinated guinea pigs showed much larger granulomatous nodules with central necrosis. These histopathological difference between the vaccinated and the non-vaccinated guinea pigs was consistent with the difference of bacterial growth between them. The results of this study have clearly indicated that BCG Tokyo 172 strain possesses a significant protective efficacy against M. tuberculosis as well as BCG Copenhagen 1331 strain. These results have also shown that the respiratory infection model in guinea pigs is very useful to evaluate efficacy of vaccines against pulmonary tuberculosis.
在豚鼠模型中检测了卡介苗东京172株对肺结核的保护效力。对豚鼠进行皮内注射10³CFU的卡介苗东京172株进行疫苗接种。卡介苗哥本哈根1331株用作对照菌株。疫苗接种8周后，在气溶胶室通过呼吸道途径用约10CFU的结核分枝杆菌H37Rv感染动物。感染5周后，对动物实施安乐死，并获取其脾脏、肺和肝脏以计数结核分枝杆菌H37Rv并进行组织病理学检查。从接种卡介苗东京172株（冻干）、卡介苗东京172株（冷冻）、卡介苗哥本哈根1331株（冻干）和安慰剂的豚鼠右下肺叶中回收的结核分枝杆菌H37Rv的平均log₁₀CFU分别为4.72、4.23、4.35和5.76。从脾脏中回收的细菌的平均log₁₀CFU分别为2.11、1.51、1.37和5.90。接种组和未接种组在肺和脾脏中的细菌回收量存在显著差异。在接种不同卡介苗菌株的组之间，任何器官均未观察到显著差异。在接种卡介苗的豚鼠中，肺仅表现出小的肉芽肿结节，脾脏未显示肉芽肿结节。另一方面，未接种疫苗的豚鼠的肺和脾脏显示出更大的伴有中央坏死的肉芽肿结节。接种和未接种豚鼠之间的这些组织病理学差异与它们之间细菌生长的差异一致。本研究结果清楚地表明，卡介苗东京172株与卡介苗哥本哈根1331株一样，对结核分枝杆菌具有显著的保护效力。这些结果还表明，豚鼠呼吸道感染模型对于评估抗肺结核疫苗的效力非常有用。
