Aleksandrowicz J W
Katedry Psychoterapii Collegium Medicum UJ i Wojewódzkiego Ośrodka Leczenia Nerwic w Krakowie.
Psychiatr Pol. 2000 Jan-Feb;34(1):5-20.
The analysis of symptom checklists completed by 3196 patients before treatment--1970 females and 1226 males starting the therapy due to neurotic disorders--revealed that 12 symptoms occur im more than 80% of patients; 9 symptoms in 70-80%, 18 dysfunctions in 70-60% and 17 other dysfunctions in 60-50% of examined population. This means that a large number of symptoms including tension, mood depression an anxiety as well as difficulties in concentration, lack of self-confidence, sense of tiredness, loss of energy, persistent thoughts and images, constant fear, absent-mindedness, motor tensions, pessimism, thought flood, the sense of difficulty in thinking and tachycardia occur in almost all patients suffering from neurotic disorders, mo matter what these disorders are. Tle largest group consisted of patients with the diagnosis of anxiety disorders like phobias and the like (ca. 25%). Results of the study suggest the necessity of verification of the present views on the picture of dysfunctions combining into neurotic disorders. A similar occurrence rate of ca. 30% of the 95 analysed dysfunctions in the subgroups of females and males as well as a higher occurrence rate of 10% of the dysfunctions in the male group also make it necessary to verify the prevalent convictions about the sex-dependent differences in the picture and course of neurotic disorders.
对3196例患者治疗前完成的症状检查表进行分析——1970名女性和1226名男性因神经症开始治疗——结果显示，超过80%的患者出现12种症状；70 - 80%的患者出现9种症状，60 - 70%的患者出现18种功能障碍，50 - 60%的受检人群出现17种其他功能障碍。这意味着，大量症状，包括紧张、情绪低落、焦虑，以及注意力不集中、缺乏自信、疲劳感、精力丧失、持续的想法和意象、持续恐惧、心不在焉、运动紧张、悲观情绪、思维奔逸、思维困难感和心动过速，几乎出现在所有神经症患者身上，无论其具体是何种神经症。最大的一组是诊断为焦虑症（如恐惧症等）的患者（约25%）。研究结果表明，有必要对目前关于构成神经症的功能障碍情况的观点进行验证。在女性和男性亚组中，95种分析的功能障碍出现率约为30%，男性组中功能障碍出现率高出10%，这也使得有必要对神经症的症状表现和病程中性别差异的普遍观念进行验证。
