Thayer J F, Friedman B H, Borkovec T D, Johnsen B H, Molina S
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA.
Psychophysiology. 2000 May;37(3):361-8.
The hallmark of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is chronic uncontrollable worry. A preattentive bias toward threat cues and hypervigilance may support this ongoing state of apprehension. A study was conducted to bridge the attentional and physiological underpinnings of GAD by examining phasic heart period (HP) responses to cued threat and nonthreat stimuli. Thirty-three GAD clients and 33 nonanxious control participants engaged in an S1-S2 procedure that employed cued threat and nonthreat word stimuli, during which phasic HP reactions were recorded. As compared with the control group, the GAD group showed (1) smaller cardiac orienting responses and impaired habituation of cardiac orienting to neutral words, (2) HR acceleration in response to threat words, and (3) a conditioned anticipatory HR deceleration to threat words over repeated trials. The cardiac-autonomic underpinnings of GAD appear to rigidly maintain precognitive defensive responses against threat. This portrayal is discussed in the context of an integrative model that depicts diminished global adaptive variability in GAD.
广泛性焦虑症（GAD）的标志是慢性无法控制的担忧。对威胁线索的前注意偏向和过度警觉可能维持这种持续的忧虑状态。一项研究通过检查对提示性威胁和非威胁刺激的阶段性心率周期（HP）反应，来探究广泛性焦虑症的注意力和生理基础。33名广泛性焦虑症患者和33名非焦虑对照组参与者进行了一个S1-S2程序，该程序采用提示性威胁和非威胁单词刺激，在此期间记录阶段性HP反应。与对照组相比，广泛性焦虑症组表现出：（1）较小的心脏定向反应以及对中性词的心脏定向习惯化受损；（2）对威胁词的心率加速；（3）在重复试验中对威胁词的条件性预期心率减速。广泛性焦虑症的心脏自主神经基础似乎严格维持针对威胁的认知前防御反应。在一个描述广泛性焦虑症中整体适应性变异性降低的综合模型背景下讨论了这一描述。
