Finestone A S, Eldad A, Milgrom C
Medical Corps, Israel Defense Forces.
Harefuah. 2000 May 1;138(9):719-22, 808.
Pre-induction sports participation of 392 elite infantry recruits was evaluated for correlation with incidence of stress fractures (SF) during 14 weeks of basic training. 23.7% developed lower extremity stress fractures. 72% of the recruits had participated in sports on a regular basis during the 2 years prior to induction. Their fitness as examined by the Bar-Or induction fitness test, was significantly better than that of those who had not trained. 14.9% of the soldiers who had previously participated in ball games (primarily basketball) as an only sport suffered stress fractures, compared to 31.0% of those whose only sport was running (p < 0.005). Training for only 6 months prior to induction had no effect on the incidence of SF. The reason for the difference between ball games and running is probably related to the higher strains and strain rates developed during ball games and to their multidirectional nature, as compared to running. These findings suggest that participation in a pre-induction program that includes activities that create strains, such as basketball, can reduce incidence of SF in infantry recruits. The training period has to last at least 2 years.
对392名精英步兵新兵入伍前的体育活动参与情况进行评估，以研究其与基础训练14周期间应力性骨折（SF）发生率的相关性。23.7%的新兵出现了下肢应力性骨折。72%的新兵在入伍前两年定期参加体育活动。通过巴-奥尔入伍体能测试检查，他们的体能明显优于未经过训练的新兵。之前仅将球类运动（主要是篮球）作为唯一运动项目的士兵中，14.9%发生了应力性骨折，而仅以跑步为唯一运动项目的士兵中这一比例为31.0%（p<0.005）。入伍前仅训练6个月对应力性骨折的发生率没有影响。球类运动和跑步之间存在差异的原因可能与球类运动中产生的更高应变和应变率及其多方向性质有关，与跑步相比。这些发现表明，参加包括篮球等会产生应变活动的入伍前训练项目，可以降低步兵新兵应力性骨折的发生率。训练期必须至少持续两年。
