Lakshman M, Sinha L, Biswas M, Charles M, Arora N K
Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
Indian J Pediatr. 2000 May;67(5):369-77. doi: 10.1007/BF02820690.
Quantitative methods have been widely used because of the fact that things that can be measured or counted gain scientific credibility over the unmeasurable. But the extent of biological abnormality, severity, consequences and the impact of illness cannot be satisfactorily captured and answered by the quantitative research alone. In such situations qualitative methods take a holistic perspective preserving the complexities of human behavior by addressing the "why" and "how" questions. In this paper an attempt has been made to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of both the methods and also that a balanced mix of both qualitative as well as quantitative methods yield the most valid and reliable results.
定量方法之所以被广泛使用,是因为可测量或计数的事物比不可测量的事物更具科学可信度。但是,生物异常的程度、严重程度、后果以及疾病的影响仅靠定量研究无法令人满意地把握和解答。在这种情况下,定性方法从整体角度出发,通过解决“为什么”和“如何”的问题来保留人类行为的复杂性。本文试图突出这两种方法的优缺点,同时强调定性和定量方法的平衡结合能产生最有效和可靠的结果。