Corner J
Academic Nursing Unit, Institute of Cancer Research, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, England.
J Adv Nurs. 1991 Jun;16(6):718-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1991.tb01730.x.
This paper presents an overview of research methods utilized in nursing to date and traces the origins of the schism in nursing research which has led to the development of the quantitative-qualitative research-methods dichotomy. The philosophical and technical characteristics which distinguish these apparently opposing methodologies are described and critically discussed. The use of triangulation of different methods and types of data is suggested as an alternative research strategy. A study which used triangulation as a research approach which examined newly registered nurses' attitudes and educational preparation to care for patients with cancer, and developed and evaluated an educational intervention for nurses on cancer care, is described. This illustrates how the use of different research methods within a single study can provide a richer and deeper understanding of the area under investigation than would otherwise be possible. This paper also discusses the notion that nursing research has arrived at a watershed in which competing methodologies serve to divide and separate nurse researchers on the grounds of philosophical approach, a division which a neophyte discipline such as nursing can ill afford. Nurse researchers need to gain skills and understanding of different approaches to capitalize on the strengths and benefits of each in order to develop a more complete understanding of nursing practice in all its complexity.
本文概述了迄今为止护理领域所采用的研究方法，并追溯了护理研究中导致定量-定性研究方法二分法发展的分歧根源。描述并批判性地讨论了区分这些明显对立方法的哲学和技术特征。建议使用不同方法和数据类型的三角互证法作为一种替代研究策略。本文描述了一项将三角互证法作为研究方法的研究，该研究考察了新注册护士对护理癌症患者的态度和教育准备情况，并开发和评估了针对护士的癌症护理教育干预措施。这说明了在一项研究中使用不同的研究方法如何能比其他方式更丰富、更深入地理解所研究的领域。本文还讨论了这样一种观点，即护理研究已到了一个分水岭，相互竞争的方法导致护士研究人员基于哲学方法而分裂，而像护理这样的新兴学科承受不起这种分裂。护士研究人员需要掌握不同方法的技能并理解其原理，以便利用每种方法的优势和益处，从而更全面地理解护理实践的复杂性。
