Reiss M, Reiss G
Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Klinikum Görlitz GmbH, Deutschland.
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2000;150(6):128-31.
Progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is defined as hearing loss of unknown etiology with fairly high-speed progression. Its diagnostic criteria consist of the following: that it is 1) progressive, 2) with bilateral involvement, and 3) of unknown etiology. Due to recent advances in diagnostics, imaging and management, SNHL has gained much interest from otologists in the last few years. They provide new insight into the physiology and pathophysiology of hearing. SNHL which is sudden in onset, fluctuating, and/or progressive complicates medical management, hearing aid selection, and individualized educational planning for a hearing-impaired patient. Existing hypotheses on the etiology of SNHL are judged on experimental, clinical, laboratory and radiological evidence. Cardiovascular and rheologic diseases, hereditary disorders, immunological phenomena, infections, environmental causes like noise, ototoxic drugs and industrial substances and systemic maladies must be included in the diagnostic reflections. Potential concepts of treatment include rheologic medications and corticosteroids. Hearing aids and timely cochlear implant operation are further possible forms of treatment.
进行性感音神经性听力损失（SNHL）被定义为病因不明且进展速度相当快的听力损失。其诊断标准包括以下几点：1）进行性；2）双侧受累；3）病因不明。由于近年来诊断、影像学和治疗方面的进展，SNHL在过去几年中引起了耳科医生的极大兴趣。它们为听力的生理和病理生理学提供了新的见解。突发、波动和/或进行性的SNHL会使听力受损患者的医疗管理、助听器选择和个性化教育规划变得复杂。关于SNHL病因的现有假说需根据实验、临床、实验室和放射学证据来判断。诊断思考中必须包括心血管和血液流变学疾病、遗传性疾病、免疫现象、感染、噪声、耳毒性药物和工业物质等环境因素以及全身性疾病。潜在的治疗方案包括血液流变学药物和皮质类固醇。助听器和及时的人工耳蜗植入手术是进一步可能的治疗形式。
