Magliano L, Fiorillo A, Malangone C, Guarneri M, Marasco C, Maj M
Istituto di Psichiatria, Università di Napoli SUN.
Epidemiol Psichiatr Soc. 2000 Apr-Jun;9(2):113-25. doi: 10.1017/s1121189x00008307.
Description of the opinions on schizophrenia and its psychosocial consequences in a sample of relatives of patients with schizophrenia, recruited in 30 Italian Mental Health Centres (MHC), stratified by geographic areas and population density.
Cross-sectional study on key-relatives of clinically stable patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia. Evaluation of relatives' opinions on schizophrenia and its psychosocial consequences, in relation to: a) patient's clinical and family's socio-demographic variables; b) geographic areas and population density.
30 Italian MHC randomised and stratified by geographic areas (Northern, Central, Southern Italy) and population density (> 100,000 inhabitants; between 100,000 and 25,000 inhabitants; < 25,000 inhabitants). Main outcome measures--Patient's clinical status and social functioning: Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Disability Assessment interview (AD). Interventions provided to patient and his/her family: Scheda di Rilevazione degli Interventi--Pattern of Care Schedule (SRI). Relatives' opinions on schizophrenia and its psychosocial consequences: Questionnaire on the Opinions of the Family (QOF).
Data on 709 patients and their key-relatives were collected. Relatives' pessimistic opinions on social competence of patients with schizophrenia were found to be associated with: high levels of patient's disability, hostility and negative symptoms, relatives' knowledge of patient's diagnosis of schizophrenia, residence in a medium or low population density area, low levels of relative's education. Relatives' pessimistic opinions on social restrictions imposed by schizophrenia were found to be associated with high levels of disability and high number of hospital admissions in the patient and older age in the relative.
The results of this study emphasise the need to: a) provide families with educational interventions covering not only clinical aspects of schizophrenia, but also those concerning disability and psychosocial consequences of the disorder; b) plan educational campaigns on mental illnesses which take into account the socio-cultural characteristics of the target populations.
描述在30个意大利心理健康中心招募的精神分裂症患者亲属样本中，对精神分裂症及其心理社会后果的看法，这些中心按地理区域和人口密度分层。
对临床稳定、诊断为DSM-IV精神分裂症的患者的主要亲属进行横断面研究。评估亲属对精神分裂症及其心理社会后果的看法，涉及：a）患者的临床和家庭社会人口统计学变量；b）地理区域和人口密度。
30个意大利心理健康中心按地理区域（意大利北部、中部、南部）和人口密度（>10万居民；10万至2.5万居民之间；<2.5万居民）随机分层。主要结局指标——患者的临床状况和社会功能：简明精神病评定量表（BPRS）和残疾评估访谈（AD）。提供给患者及其家庭的干预措施：干预措施记录表——护理模式时间表（SRI）。亲属对精神分裂症及其心理社会后果的看法：家庭意见问卷（QOF）。
收集了709名患者及其主要亲属的数据。发现亲属对精神分裂症患者社交能力的悲观看法与以下因素相关：患者的高残疾水平、敌意和阴性症状、亲属对患者精神分裂症诊断的了解、居住在中等或低人口密度地区、亲属的低教育水平。亲属对精神分裂症所施加的社会限制的悲观看法与患者的高残疾水平、高住院次数以及亲属的高龄相关。
本研究结果强调需要：a）为家庭提供教育干预，不仅涵盖精神分裂症的临床方面，还包括与该疾病的残疾和心理社会后果相关的方面；b）规划考虑目标人群社会文化特征的精神疾病教育活动。
