Torbicz W, Pijanowska D G, Dawgul M
Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw.
Front Med Biol Eng. 2000;10(2):139-45. doi: 10.1163/15685570052061991.
Parameters such as blood urea nitrogen concentration, normalized protein catabolic rate and Kt/V that are utilized for urea concentration measurements in blood and dialysate for the optimization of the hemodialysis process are reviewed in the paper. Basic methods of urea concentration measurement are described. Urea biosensors of the EnFET type based on the pH-sensitive Si3N4 gate FET and pNH4-sensitive FET with a Siloprene membrane containing nonactine, both of our own construction, are presented. Application of these biosensors for urea concentration measurement in blood and dialysate is described. An experimental microdialysis system with urease in detector solution and a pH-ISFET detector are described. A comparison of two dialysis procedures, with a commercial dialysate an initial of pH 5.6 and with pH kept lowered during the dialysis process applied to rats, is given.
本文综述了用于血液和透析液中尿素浓度测量以优化血液透析过程的参数，如血尿素氮浓度、标准化蛋白质分解代谢率和Kt/V。描述了尿素浓度测量的基本方法。介绍了基于pH敏感的Si3N4栅极场效应晶体管（EnFET型）和带有含无actin的Siloprene膜的pNH4敏感场效应晶体管的尿素生物传感器，这两种都是我们自己构建的。描述了这些生物传感器在血液和透析液中尿素浓度测量的应用。描述了一种在检测溶液中含有脲酶和pH离子敏感场效应晶体管检测器的实验性微透析系统。给出了两种透析程序的比较，一种是使用初始pH为5.6的商业透析液，另一种是在应用于大鼠的透析过程中保持pH降低。
