州际公路隔音屏障的有效性：主观与客观评估

Mital A, Ramakrishnan A S

Ergonomics and Engineering Controls Research Laboratory, College of Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0116, USA.

J Hum Ergol (Tokyo). 1997 Jun;26(1):31-8.

The objective of this study was to determine the actual and perceived effectiveness of noise barriers along interstate highways. Using a 5-mile section of Interstate 71 in the greater Cincinnati area as the study area, traffic noise readings and opinions of residents living along the sections of the highway were recorded. Noise readings were taken before and after the noise barriers were erected. A questionnaire was designed to elicit noise-related annoyance of the residents in the areas adjoining the highway. The results indicated that, in general, noise barriers were effective as indicated by a reduction in noise levels by as much as 11 dBA. The barriers, however, failed to bring noise levels for locations closer to the highway within the levels desired by the government (67 dBA). Most residents living right next to the highway were very satisfied with the installation of noise barriers. In general, these individuals felt that the quality of life improved with the noise barrier installation. The same, however, was not true of residents living a few blocks away from the highway--they felt the noise barriers were a waste of money. There was no significant difference in traffic noise pattern during the weekdays or weekends. Noise readings taken in two different locations were observed to be similar.

本研究的目的是确定州际公路沿线隔音屏障的实际效果和人们感知到的效果。以大辛辛那提地区71号州际公路的一段5英里长的路段作为研究区域，记录了公路沿线的交通噪音读数以及居民的意见。在隔音屏障安装前后都进行了噪音读数测量。设计了一份问卷，以了解公路沿线地区居民与噪音相关的烦恼程度。结果表明，总体而言，隔音屏障是有效的，噪音水平降低了多达11分贝。然而，这些屏障未能使靠近公路的地点的噪音水平达到政府期望的水平（67分贝）。大多数紧邻公路居住的居民对隔音屏障的安装非常满意。总体而言，这些人觉得安装隔音屏障后生活质量有所提高。然而，对于住在离公路几个街区远的居民来说情况并非如此——他们觉得隔音屏障是浪费钱。工作日和周末的交通噪音模式没有显著差异。在两个不同地点进行的噪音读数测量结果相似。