Bakke P S, Gulsvik A
Department of Thoracic Medicine, University of Bergen, Norway.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2000 Jul;4(7):649-56.
Two-phased study of a general population sample in Norway.
To assess the prevalence of work-related asthma by sex, age and smoking habits.
The first phase, a mail questionnaire on asthma to a random sample of the general population of Hordaland County, Norway, gave a 90% response. A stratified sample of the responders (n = 1512) was invited to complete an occupational history questionnaire and performing spirometry and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. The attendance rate was 84%. Asthmatics were defined as having work-related asthma if they answered positively the questions: "Have you ever had respiratory symptoms in relation to your work? Did the symptoms improve on absence from work?"
The prevalence of work-related asthma was 0.9% in this population, constituting 28% of all asthmatics (95% confidence interval 25-31). The prevalence of work-related asthma was twice as high in men as in women, and did not differ significantly with age or between smoking groups.
Work-related asthma amounts to a significant proportion of total asthma in this population. This should be taken into account by health planners as it is by definition a preventable disorder.
对挪威普通人群样本进行的两阶段研究。
按性别、年龄和吸烟习惯评估职业性哮喘的患病率。
第一阶段，向挪威霍达兰郡普通人群的随机样本邮寄哮喘调查问卷，回复率为90%。邀请部分回复者（n = 1512）组成分层样本，完成职业史问卷，并进行肺活量测定和支气管高反应性检测，参与率为84%。若哮喘患者对以下问题回答为“是”，则被定义为患有职业性哮喘：“你是否曾在工作时出现呼吸道症状？症状在休假时是否有所改善？”
该人群中职业性哮喘的患病率为0.9%，占所有哮喘患者的28%（95%置信区间为25 - 31）。职业性哮喘的患病率男性是女性的两倍，在不同年龄组或吸烟组之间无显著差异。
在该人群中，职业性哮喘在所有哮喘病例中占相当大的比例。鉴于其本质上是一种可预防的疾病，健康规划者应予以考虑。
