Goldberg E
Acta Endocrinol Suppl (Copenh). 1975;194:202-22. doi: 10.1530/acta.0.080s202.
Immunological regulation of fertility can be best achieved if a defined macromolecule is used to provide the antigenic stimulus. Proteins with known enzymatic properties are attractive molecules in this area if it can be demonstrated unequivocally that they are unique constituents of spermatozoa, and are completely foreign to the female. This paper describes immunosuppression of fertility by the sperm-specific isozyme of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-X). In addition, evidence is reviewed which suggests that acrosomal proteinase and hyaluronidase may be unique to sperm. Data are presented which confirm the sperm specificity of LDH-X and the immunochemical homogeneity of purified preparations of this isozyme. Immunization of female rabbits with LDH-X significantly reduces the fertility of these animals. Experimental results indicate that the primary effect of immunization involves blockage of fertilization. While those ova which are fertilized in an immune environment develop and implant normally, there is a high rate of post-implantation embryo mortality. Rabbit blastocysts transferred to immune recipients implant at the same rate as in non-immune controls. These findings are consistent with the conclusion that the developing embryo must interact with antibody during the pre-implantation stages of pregnancy when antigenic sites conferred by the sperm LDH-X are available. Such interaction can be demonstrated directly by immunofluorescence techniques.
如果使用一种特定的大分子来提供抗原刺激，生育能力的免疫调节就能达到最佳效果。如果能够明确证明具有已知酶特性的蛋白质是精子的独特成分，并且对雌性动物来说是完全外来的，那么它们在这一领域就是很有吸引力的分子。本文描述了乳酸脱氢酶精子特异性同工酶（LDH-X）对生育能力的免疫抑制作用。此外，还综述了一些证据，这些证据表明顶体蛋白酶和透明质酸酶可能是精子所特有的。文中给出的数据证实了LDH-X的精子特异性以及该同工酶纯化制剂的免疫化学均一性。用LDH-X免疫雌性兔可显著降低其生育能力。实验结果表明，免疫的主要作用是阻止受精。虽然在免疫环境中受精的卵子能够正常发育和着床，但着床后胚胎死亡率很高。移植到免疫受体体内的兔囊胚着床率与非免疫对照组相同。这些发现与以下结论一致：在妊娠植入前阶段，当精子LDH-X赋予的抗原位点存在时，发育中的胚胎必须与抗体相互作用。这种相互作用可以通过免疫荧光技术直接证明。
