[History of bone reconstruction].

Bone transplantation has been the subject of many experimental and clinical studies. Duhamel du Monceau is credited with the first scientific effort on the problem of osteogenesis in 1742. Léopold Ollier showed in 1861 that autografts are viable and recognized that separate living bone fragments without periosteum could live and grow in a suitable environment. In 1893, Barth published a paper on bone transplantation and Phemister named the process of bone reconstruction "creeping substitution". But it was only after Albee's book on bone graft surgery that bone transplantations began to be performed. In 1975, Taylor published the first case of free vascularized bone graft.