Kraft J M, Beeker C, Stokes J P, Peterson J L
Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2000 Aug;27(4):430-41. doi: 10.1177/109019810002700406.
Data from 76 qualitative interviews with 18- to 29-year-old African American men who have sex with men (MSM) in Chicago and Atlanta were examined to identify perceptions of "community" and components of a community-level HIV/AIDS intervention. Many men reported feeling marginal to African American and gay White communities because of perceived homophobia and racism. Those who reported feeling part of gay African American communities characterized communities in terms of settings, social structures, and functions, including social support, socialization, and mobility. Despite these positive functions, divisions among groups of MSM, lack of settings for nonsexual interaction with other MSM, lack of leadership, and negative attitudes toward homosexuality may make it difficult for men to participate in activities to alter community contexts that influence behavior. Rather, changing norms, increasing social support, and community building should be part of initial community-level interventions. Community building might identify leaders, create new settings, and create opportunities for dialogue between MSM and African American community groups to address negative perceptions of homosexuality.
对芝加哥和亚特兰大18至29岁与男性发生性行为的非裔美国男性（男男性行为者）进行了76次定性访谈，对访谈数据进行分析，以确定他们对“社区”的看法以及社区层面艾滋病毒/艾滋病干预措施的组成部分。许多男性报告称，由于察觉到的恐同症和种族主义，他们觉得自己在非裔美国人和白人同性恋社区中处于边缘地位。那些表示自己是同性恋非裔美国社区一部分的人，从场所、社会结构和功能等方面对社区进行了描述，包括社会支持、社交和流动性。尽管有这些积极功能，但男男性行为者群体之间的分歧、缺乏与其他男男性行为者进行非性互动的场所、缺乏领导力以及对同性恋的负面态度，可能使男性难以参与改变影响行为的社区环境的活动。相反，改变规范、增加社会支持和社区建设应成为最初社区层面干预措施的一部分。社区建设可以确定领导者、创造新场所，并为男男性行为者和非裔美国社区团体之间开展对话创造机会，以消除对同性恋的负面看法。
