Rundell J R
Edward Hebert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, AE 09012, USA.
Psychiatr Q. 2000 Fall;71(3):245-58. doi: 10.1023/a:1004682111070.
Psychiatrists can increase the efficacy of their response to disaster victims in the immediate aftermath of a disaster if they utilize a consultation-liaison approach to assessment and management of casualties. Medical-surgical disaster responders use an algorithmic, stepwise approach to assess disaster or trauma victims. This approach ensures that patients with life-threatening injuries who are not expectant are treated first. Then, secondary physical assessments ensure proper triage of other victims so that disaster response resources are used most wisely. A tertiary psychiatric assessment can assist with differential diagnosis of post-disaster neuropsychiatric symptoms and signs to ensure valuable medical-surgical resources are targeted to the correct patients. Psychiatric triage can also identify those victims most in need of early preventive and therapeutic psychiatric intervention.
如果精神科医生在灾难发生后的即刻利用会诊-联络方法来评估和处理伤员，他们就能提高对灾难受害者的救治效果。外科灾难救援人员采用一种循算法的、逐步推进的方法来评估灾难或创伤受害者。这种方法确保首先治疗那些并非无可救治但有生命危险的伤者。然后，二次身体评估可确保对其他受害者进行恰当的分诊，从而最明智地利用灾难救援资源。三次精神科评估有助于对灾后神经精神症状和体征进行鉴别诊断，以确保宝贵的外科医疗资源用在正确的患者身上。精神科分诊还能识别出那些最需要早期预防性和治疗性精神科干预的受害者。
