Clinical use of intravenous immunoglobulins.

Prophylaxis and treatment with i.v. immunoglobulins must envisage preparations from normal or hyperimmunised human donors, animals (horses and rabbits) as well as monoclonal and genetically and proteomically engineered chimeric or recombinant antibodies. The latter group of antibody sources from the bioreactor source must be seen in the context of traditional antibody therapy, including passive immunization, general antibody substitution and provision of lost immune regulatory capacities such as downregulation of complement activation, attenuation of Fc receptor apparatus as well as anti-idiotypic potential. Beyond summarizing the present evidence based indications the present review is an outlook at the doorstep for future possibilities to improve precision of antibody dependent treatments and avoiding side effects which formerly compromised widespread use.