Soyka M, Bondy B, Eisenburg B, Schütz C G
Psychiatric Hospital, University of Munich, Federal Republic of Germany.
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2000;107(6):701-14. doi: 10.1007/s007020070071.
Glutamatergic NMDA receptors are believed to play a major role in the pathophysiology of numerous neuropsychiatric disorders including substance use and schizophrenia. Neuropharmacological studies measuring subjective response, psychopathology and biological parameters are helpful in studying pathophysiology of these disorders. We report preliminary data of a placebo-controlled double-blind challenge study in recently detoxified alcoholics (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 10) using the non-competitive NMDA antagonist dextromethorphan. Findings suggest that dextrometorphan can produce ethanol-like subjective effects in both alcoholics and controls and induce a mild form of craving in alcoholics only. The results of this study give further support to the hypothesis of glutamatergic NMDA receptors mediating much of ethanol's psychotropic effects. Possible clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
谷氨酸能N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体被认为在包括物质使用障碍和精神分裂症在内的多种神经精神疾病的病理生理学中起主要作用。测量主观反应、精神病理学和生物学参数的神经药理学研究有助于研究这些疾病的病理生理学。我们报告了一项安慰剂对照双盲激发研究的初步数据,该研究使用非竞争性NMDA拮抗剂右美沙芬,研究对象为近期戒酒的酗酒者(n = 20)和健康对照者(n = 10)。研究结果表明,右美沙芬可在酗酒者和对照者中产生类似乙醇的主观效应,且仅在酗酒者中诱发轻度的渴望感。本研究结果进一步支持了谷氨酸能NMDA受体介导乙醇许多精神otropic效应的假说。文中讨论了这些发现可能的临床意义。