Jensen P S
Center for the Implementation of Science for Children's Mental Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2000 Jul;9(3):557-72, vii-viii.
As cognitive neuroscience and developmental neurobiology advance, it is important that these advances be applied to the study of children and childhood disorders. Basic and pathophysiologic studies of the many forms of ADHD and possible causes, and studies of genes and gene environment interactions, are critical for an adequate understanding of this heterogeneous disorder. To date, most studies seem to have implicitly assumed that ADHD was immutable and all inborn, perhaps in part because of the high heritabilities. It is hoped that the next generation of research and researchers will tackle these formidable challenges, undertake the necessary longitudinal studies of early attention development and regulation, and link these studies to basic neuroscience research in animal models using the new tools available through molecular genetics and neuroimaging.
随着认知神经科学和发育神经生物学的发展，将这些进展应用于儿童及儿童期疾病的研究非常重要。对多种形式的注意力缺陷多动障碍及其可能病因的基础和病理生理学研究，以及对基因和基因-环境相互作用的研究，对于充分理解这种异质性疾病至关重要。迄今为止，大多数研究似乎都隐含地假定注意力缺陷多动障碍是不可改变的且完全是先天性的，这可能部分是由于其高遗传性。希望下一代研究及研究人员能够应对这些巨大挑战，对早期注意力发展和调节进行必要的纵向研究，并利用分子遗传学和神经影像学提供的新工具，将这些研究与动物模型的基础神经科学研究联系起来。
