Khetan S, Maharaj R, Davis G K
School of Medicine, University of the West Indies, Nassau, Bahamas.
West Indian Med J. 2000 Jun;49(2):115-7.
In 1996 and 1997, 52 patients were admitted to the Princess Margaret Hospital, Nassau, Bahamas, with a confirmed diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The average time to presentation after the onset of symptoms was 18 hours, with 56% of patients presenting within 12 hours. Risk factors identified for ischaemic heart disease were hypertension (77%), obesity (62%), diabetes mellitus (35%), tobacco smoking (25%), a family history of coronary artery disease (17%) and hypercholesterolaemia (8%). Medications administered in the treatment of AMI included oral nitrates (96%), intravenous heparin (90%), beta-blockers (65%), morphine (15%), thrombolytic agents (8%) and lignocaine (4%). In hospital post myocardial infarction complications were angina (23%), arrhythmias (12%) and cardiac failure (10%). The average hospital stay was eight days, with a mortality rate of 19%. These results show that there is considerable room for improvement, particularly in the use of thrombolytic therapy, to ensure that all patients receive optimal acute and post myocardial infarction care.
1996年和1997年，52名确诊为急性心肌梗死（AMI）的患者被收治入巴哈马拿骚的玛格丽特公主医院。症状发作后到就诊的平均时间为18小时，56%的患者在12小时内就诊。已确定的缺血性心脏病危险因素包括高血压（77%）、肥胖（62%）、糖尿病（35%）、吸烟（25%）、冠心病家族史（17%）和高胆固醇血症（8%）。治疗AMI使用的药物包括口服硝酸盐类药物（96%）、静脉注射肝素（90%）、β受体阻滞剂（65%）、吗啡（15%）、溶栓剂（8%）和利多卡因（4%）。心肌梗死后住院期间的并发症有心绞痛（23%）、心律失常（12%）和心力衰竭（10%）。平均住院时间为8天，死亡率为19%。这些结果表明，特别是在溶栓治疗的使用方面，仍有很大的改进空间，以确保所有患者都能获得最佳的急性心肌梗死及心肌梗死后护理。
