Olsen S J, Zawacki K
Assistant Professor, The Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Nurs Clin North Am. 2000 Sep;35(3):671-85.
This article summarizes the genetics of colorectal cancer (CRC), a disease in which 15% to 20% of cases are inherited. Familial adenomatous polyposis and hereditary nonpolyposis CRC represent the two most common forms of inherited CRC. One particular mutation, APC11307K, is associated with CRC in certain Jewish populations. Inherited cancers can be prevented with careful attention to regular and frequent sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy screening intervals and the prompt removal of premalignant polyps. The role of the nurse should include the prompt identification and referral of high-risk individuals. Ongoing patient and family counseling and education, multidisciplinary collaboration, support for primary prevention, and intensive screening are essential.
本文总结了结直肠癌（CRC）的遗传学，在这种疾病中，15%至20%的病例是遗传性的。家族性腺瘤性息肉病和遗传性非息肉病性结直肠癌是遗传性结直肠癌最常见的两种形式。一种特定的突变，即APC11307K，在某些犹太人群体中与结直肠癌有关。通过密切关注定期和频繁的乙状结肠镜检查或结肠镜检查筛查间隔以及及时切除癌前息肉，可以预防遗传性癌症。护士的作用应包括及时识别和转诊高危个体。持续的患者和家属咨询与教育、多学科协作、对一级预防的支持以及强化筛查至关重要。
