Martín J C, Bandrés J C
New York Harbor VA Medical Center, New York, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 1999 Dec 15;22(5):413-29. doi: 10.1097/00126334-199912150-00001.
It is thought that monocyte-macrophages and probably dendritic cells play a central role in HIV-1 primary infection, as well as in its evolution, given that they are among the first cells infected and later function as important reservoirs for the virus. These cells may participate in the selection of certain viral strains instead of others. Levels of CCR5 coreceptor expression on the surface of monocytes and macrophages determine their susceptibility to infection by HIV-1 strains using this coreceptor and may explain, in part, the differences in the infectivity of these cells through the maturation process. However, selection for certain strains is not only determined by the level of coreceptor expression, but by the biochemical properties of the different coreceptors and their relationship with other surface molecules and the chemokine and cytokine networks, which also influence the selective viral infection and replication in these cells. Any current or newly designed therapies need to be evaluated, including careful analysis of the levels of HIV-1 infection of the cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage, because these cells are both significant viral reservoirs and a center of virus production at all stages of the disease.
据认为，单核细胞 - 巨噬细胞以及可能的树突状细胞在HIV - 1原发性感染及其演变过程中发挥着核心作用，因为它们是最早被感染的细胞之一，并且后来作为病毒的重要储存库。这些细胞可能参与某些病毒株而非其他病毒株的选择。单核细胞和巨噬细胞表面CCR5共受体的表达水平决定了它们对使用该共受体的HIV - 1毒株感染的易感性，并且这可能部分解释了这些细胞在成熟过程中感染性的差异。然而，对某些毒株的选择不仅取决于共受体的表达水平，还取决于不同共受体的生化特性及其与其他表面分子以及趋化因子和细胞因子网络的关系，这些也会影响这些细胞中的选择性病毒感染和复制。任何当前或新设计的疗法都需要进行评估，包括仔细分析单核细胞 - 巨噬细胞谱系细胞的HIV - 1感染水平，因为这些细胞在疾病的所有阶段都是重要的病毒储存库和病毒产生中心。
