Berger A J
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Box 357290, Seattle, WA 98195-7290, USA.
Respir Physiol. 2000 Sep;122(2-3):259-69. doi: 10.1016/s0034-5687(00)00164-x.
The respiratory motoneuron is the critical link between the neural elements responsible for respiratory rhythm generation and the respiratory muscles. Studies of respiratory motoneurons provide important information on the mechanisms that govern respiratory motor output because of the obligatory synapse that exists between these respiratory motoneurons and the respiratory muscle fibers they innervate. This review focuses almost exclusively upon one type of respiratory motoneuron, the hypoglossal motoneuron. Intrinsic properties (membrane properties and ion channels) as well as fast excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission to these motoneurons have been extensively studied during the last 10 years. This review summarizes many of these new findings. It is hoped that some of these findings can be generalized to all respiratory motoneurons and these will be of importance in formulating models that can predict the behavior of these critical elements in the respiratory system.
呼吸运动神经元是负责呼吸节律产生的神经元件与呼吸肌之间的关键连接。由于这些呼吸运动神经元与其所支配的呼吸肌纤维之间存在必然的突触联系，对呼吸运动神经元的研究为调控呼吸运动输出的机制提供了重要信息。本综述几乎专门聚焦于一种呼吸运动神经元，即舌下运动神经元。在过去10年中，对这些运动神经元的内在特性（膜特性和离子通道）以及快速兴奋性和抑制性突触传递进行了广泛研究。本综述总结了许多这些新发现。希望其中一些发现能够推广到所有呼吸运动神经元，并且这些发现在构建能够预测呼吸系统中这些关键元件行为的模型方面将具有重要意义。
