Ferguson S A, Flynn K M, Delclos K B, Newbold R R
Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2000 Jul-Aug;22(4):583-91. doi: 10.1016/s0892-0362(00)00071-4.
Nonylphenol ethoxylates are used in the production of surfactants and are found in numerous manufactured substances. para-Nonylphenol (NP) is a suspected endocrine disruptor, exhibiting estrogen-like activity and might cause alterations with developmental exposure. To evaluate such effects, pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats consumed diets containing 0 (n = 11), 25 (n = 10), 500 (n = 10), or 2,000 (n = 9) ppm NP beginning on gestational day (GD) 7. At postnatal day (PND) 21, offspring continued on the same maternal diets until PND 77 and were evaluated for behavioral alterations (open-field activity at PNDs 22-24, 43-45, 64-66, play behavior at PND 35, running wheel activity at PND 63-77, flavored solution intake at PND 69-75). During pregnancy and lactation, dams in the 25-, 500-, and 2,000-ppm groups consumed 9 to 25% less food, which was associated with a 17% less weight gain during GDs 1 to 21 in dams of the 2,000-ppm group, although this effect was not statistically significant. Gestation duration, birth weight, sex ratio of live pups, and number of live or dead pups per litter did not differ between treatment groups. Offspring body weight and food consumption were decreased in the 2, 000-ppm group beginning at PND 28; however, an effect of feed aversion could not be eliminated. Behavioral assessments of offspring indicated no consistent NP-related effects in open-field activity at PNDs 22-24, 43-45, and 65-67 nor in running wheel activity at PNDs 63-75. Play behavior at PND 35 and intake of a 0.3% saccharin-flavored solution at PNDs 69-71 did not differ with respect to treatment groups. However, intake of a 3% sodium-flavored solution at PNDs 73-75 was significantly increased in offspring of the 2,000-ppm group and intake of regular water during this same time was also significantly increased. These results indicate that developmental NP treatment results in maternal and offspring toxicity as evidenced by decreased food intake and weight gain. However, behavioral alterations were evident only in increased intake of a sodium solution.
壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚用于生产表面活性剂，在众多制成品中都有发现。对壬基酚（NP）是一种疑似内分泌干扰物，具有类雌激素活性，发育暴露时可能会引起改变。为评估此类影响，从妊娠第7天开始，怀孕的斯普拉格-道利大鼠食用含0（n = 11）、25（n = 10）、500（n = 10）或2000（n = 9）ppm NP的饲料。在出生后第21天，后代继续食用与母鼠相同的饲料直至出生后第77天，并对行为改变进行评估（出生后第22 - 24天、43 - 45天、64 - 66天的旷场活动，出生后第35天的玩耍行为，出生后第63 - 77天的跑轮活动，出生后第69 - 75天的调味溶液摄入量）。在怀孕和哺乳期间，25 ppm、500 ppm和2000 ppm组的母鼠食物摄入量减少了9%至25%，2000 ppm组母鼠在妊娠第1天至21天期间体重增加减少了17%，尽管这种影响无统计学意义。各处理组之间的妊娠期、出生体重、存活幼崽的性别比例以及每窝存活或死亡幼崽的数量没有差异。出生后第28天开始，2000 ppm组的后代体重和食物摄入量下降；然而，无法排除饲料厌恶的影响。对后代的行为评估表明，在出生后第22 - 24天、43 - 45天和65 - 67天的旷场活动以及出生后第63 - 75天的跑轮活动中，没有与NP相关的一致影响。出生后第35天的玩耍行为以及出生后第69 - 71天0.3%糖精调味溶液的摄入量在各处理组之间没有差异。然而，在出生后第73 - 75天，2000 ppm组后代对3%钠盐调味溶液的摄入量显著增加，同时这段时间普通水的摄入量也显著增加。这些结果表明，发育过程中NP处理会导致母体和后代中毒，表现为食物摄入量和体重增加减少。然而，行为改变仅表现为钠盐溶液摄入量增加。
