Castillo M, Amalik F, Linares A, García-Peregrín E
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Spain.
Mol Cell Biochem. 2000 Jul;210(1-2):121-30. doi: 10.1023/a:1007117321466.
The value of fish oil for prevention and/or treatment of human atherosclerosis has not been fully established. This study shows that replacement of saturated fat in young chick diet with menhaden oil produced a significant reversion of the hypercholesterolemia previously induced by coconut oil feeding. Fish oil also produced a clear decrease of plasma triacylglycerol levels. Coconut oil increased the percentages of 12:0 and 14:0 fatty acids, while menhaden oil increased those of 20:5 n-3 and 22:6 n-3. Percentages of 20:4 n-6, 18:2 n-6 and 18:1 n-9 significantly decreased by fish oil addition to the diet. Total cholesterol, phospholipid and protein contents of high and low density lipoproteins increased by coconut oil feeding. When coconut oil was replaced by menhaden oil, total cholesterol was significantly reduced in high, low and very low density lipoproteins. All chemical components of VLDL were decreased by menhaden oil feeding. Our results show a strong hypocholesterolemic effect of menhaden oil when this fat was supplemented to hypercholesterolemic chicks. The clear decrease found in arachidonic acid content of chick plasma and lipoproteins may contribute to the beneficial effects of fish oil consumption by lowering the production of its derived eicosanoids.
鱼油对预防和/或治疗人类动脉粥样硬化的价值尚未完全确定。本研究表明，用鲱鱼油替代幼雏日粮中的饱和脂肪可显著逆转先前因喂食椰子油而诱发的高胆固醇血症。鱼油还可明显降低血浆甘油三酯水平。椰子油增加了12:0和14:0脂肪酸的百分比，而鲱鱼油增加了20:5 n-3和22:6 n-3的百分比。日粮中添加鱼油后，20:4 n-6、18:2 n-6和18:1 n-9的百分比显著降低。喂食椰子油会使高密度和低密度脂蛋白的总胆固醇、磷脂和蛋白质含量增加。当用鲱鱼油替代椰子油时，高密度、低密度和极低密度脂蛋白中的总胆固醇显著降低。喂食鲱鱼油会使极低密度脂蛋白的所有化学成分减少。我们的结果表明，向高胆固醇血症雏鸡补充鲱鱼油时，鲱鱼油具有很强的降胆固醇作用。雏鸡血浆和脂蛋白中花生四烯酸含量的明显降低可能有助于通过减少其衍生类二十烷酸的产生来发挥鱼油消费的有益作用。
