[AMP-deaminase: regulation and physiological role of the enzyme].

AMP-deaminase (AMPD) catalyzes the irreversible hydrolysis of AMP to IMP and ammonia. Being the integral enzyme of purine nucleotide cycle, AMPD participates in deamination of amino acids and their involvement into carbohydrate metabolism. This enzyme competes with 5'-nuclease for AMP it is indirectly involved in regulation of adenosine level. The role of AMPD may be supported also by the correlation between its activity and several neuromuscular and immunologic pathologies. The information on the izoforms, gene expression both in the normal and pathological states is given. Activity of AMPD is regulated by the substrate availability, adenylate pool, GTP, product of catalysed reaction IMP, ++inorganical phosphate, etc. Currently the growing scope of data is displaying the possible role of reversible phosphorylation and binding to cellular elements in regulation of the properties of AMPD under change of physiological state of organism.