Ruane N M, Nolan D T, Rotllant J, Costelloe J, Wendelaar Bonga S E
Department of Animal Physiology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2000 Jul;10(5):451-63. doi: 10.1006/fsim.1999.0260.
The influence of infection with the juvenile stages of the sea louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer) on the response of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) to a net confinement protocol was investigated. The experiment consisted of two groups of seawater-adapted rainbow trout, one which was exposed to a total of 4000 nauplii/copepodid stages of L. salmonis 30, 25 and 14 days prior to confinement. Confinement elicited a greater stress response in the lice-exposed fish, than in the controls, as seen by higher plasma cortisol and glucose levels. A reduced spleen somatic index in exposed fish following 6 h confinement coincided with increased erythrocyte and lymphocyte numbers in the blood. Circulating lymphocyte numbers were significantly reduced in both groups 24 h post-confinement, when a lower alternative complement activity was recorded in control fish. Prior to confinement, lice-exposed fish had an elevated serum lysozyme activity and reduced oxygen radical production by blood leukocytes. Following confinement, lysozyme activity was gradually reduced in lice-exposed trout. During confinement, oxygen radical production decreased in control fish and increased in infested fish. Overall, transient exposure to juvenile lice altered the response to a second stressor, which has implications for management procedures of L. salmonis exposed fish.
研究了感染鲑鱼虱（Lepeophtheirus salmonis，克罗耶氏）幼体对虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss，瓦尔鲍姆氏）对网箱限制方案反应的影响。实验包括两组适应海水的虹鳟，一组在限制前30天、25天和14天总共暴露于4000个鲑鱼虱无节幼体/桡足幼体阶段。如血浆皮质醇和葡萄糖水平较高所示，限制在接触过虱子的鱼中引发的应激反应比对照组更大。在6小时限制后，接触过虱子的鱼的脾脏体指数降低，同时血液中的红细胞和淋巴细胞数量增加。限制后24小时，两组的循环淋巴细胞数量均显著减少，此时对照组鱼的替代补体活性较低。在限制前，接触过虱子的鱼的血清溶菌酶活性升高，血液白细胞产生的氧自由基减少。限制后，接触过虱子的虹鳟的溶菌酶活性逐渐降低。在限制期间，对照组鱼的氧自由基产生减少，而受感染鱼的氧自由基产生增加。总体而言，短暂接触幼虱会改变对第二个应激源的反应，这对接触过鲑鱼虱的鱼的管理程序有影响。
