de Wolff M H, Leather H A, Wouters P F
Centre for Experimental Surgery and Anaesthesiology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium.
Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2000 Aug;17(8):506-11. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2346.2000.00718.x.
Clevidipine is a new lipophilic, ultra-short acting 1, 4-dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist for intraoperative use. Because sarcolemnal calcium currents are involved in the mechanism of action of anaesthetics we questioned whether clevidipine alters the potency of volatile anaesthetics. We studied the effects of clevidipine on minimal alveolar concentration and the time to awaken from isoflurane anaesthesia. Sprague-Dawley rats were anaesthetized with isoflurane, and were allocated to one of four treatments prior to minimal alveolar concentration determination: (a) saline control; (b) clevidipine 20 nmol kg-1 min-1; (c) clevidipine 40 nmol kg-1 min-1; (d) clonidine 1 microg kg-1 - positive control. Ten mongrel dogs were anaesthetized with isoflurane and received a continuous infusion of clevidipine 6 nmol kg-1 min-1 or the solvent (Intralipid 20% - control). After 2 h of steady-state anaesthesia, minimal alveolar concentration awake and the time to awakening were recorded. Clevidipine reduced minimal alveolar concentration to a small but statistically significant extent (from 1.40 +/- 0.16 control to 1.23 +/- 0.13 vol % with 20 nmol kg-1 min-1 and to 1.27 +/- 0.12 vol % with 40 nmol kg-1 min-1; mean +/- SD; P < 0.05) in rats. Clonidine reduced minimal alveolar concentration to 0.90 +/- 0.17 vol % (mean +/- SD; P < 0.05). Minimal alveolar concentration awake and the duration of sleep were not affected by clevidipine in dogs. Clevidipine mildly reduces minimal alveolar concentration of isoflurane but does not prolong the duration of sleep and does not affect minimal alveolar concentration awake after a 2-h steady-state isoflurane anaesthesia.
氯维地平是一种新型亲脂性、超短效的1,4 - 二氢吡啶类钙通道拮抗剂，用于术中。由于肌膜钙电流参与麻醉药的作用机制，我们探讨了氯维地平是否会改变挥发性麻醉药的效能。我们研究了氯维地平对最低肺泡浓度以及异氟烷麻醉苏醒时间的影响。将Sprague - Dawley大鼠用异氟烷麻醉，并在测定最低肺泡浓度前分为四种处理组之一：(a) 生理盐水对照；(b) 氯维地平20 nmol·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹；(c) 氯维地平40 nmol·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹；(d) 可乐定1 μg·kg⁻¹——阳性对照。十只杂种犬用异氟烷麻醉，并持续输注氯维地平6 nmol·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹或溶剂（20% 脂肪乳剂——对照）。在稳态麻醉2小时后，记录清醒时的最低肺泡浓度和苏醒时间。氯维地平在大鼠中使最低肺泡浓度有小幅度但具有统计学意义的降低（从对照的1.40±0.16降至20 nmol·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹时的1.23±0.13 vol%和40 nmol·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹时的1.27±0.12 vol%；均值±标准差；P<0.05）。可乐定使最低肺泡浓度降至0.90±0.17 vol%（均值±标准差；P<0.05）。氯维地平对犬清醒时的最低肺泡浓度和睡眠时间无影响。在2小时的稳态异氟烷麻醉后，氯维地平轻度降低异氟烷的最低肺泡浓度，但不延长睡眠时间，也不影响清醒时的最低肺泡浓度。
