Chase JM
Trends Ecol Evol. 2000 Oct 1;15(10):408-412. doi: 10.1016/s0169-5347(00)01942-x.
Recently, aquatic and terrestrial ecologists have put forward several hypotheses regarding similarities and differences in food-web structure and function among these ecosystem types. Although many of these hypotheses explore why strong top-down effects and trophic cascades might be less common in terrestrial than in aquatic ecosystems, there is little theoretical or empirical evidence available to support or refute these hypotheses. Many unanswered questions remain about potential differences across ecosystem types: progress will require empirical studies designed within a broader context that allows for more direct comparisons.
最近，水生和陆地生态学家针对这些生态系统类型在食物网结构和功能方面的异同提出了几种假说。尽管其中许多假说探讨了为何自上而下的强烈影响和营养级联在陆地生态系统中可能不如在水生生态系统中普遍，但几乎没有理论或实证证据可支持或反驳这些假说。关于不同生态系统类型之间的潜在差异，仍有许多未解决的问题：若要取得进展，需要在更广泛的背景下开展实证研究，以便进行更直接的比较。
