Walsh M, Connolly P, Jenkinson A, O'Brien T
Gait Laboratory, Central Remedial Clinic, Clontarf, 3, Dublin, Ireland.
Gait Posture. 2000 Oct;12(2):156-61. doi: 10.1016/s0966-6362(00)00067-9.
Patients with leg length discrepancy (LLD) develop compensatory mechanisms, which result in kinematic alterations in the lower limbs and pelvis. We investigated these compensatory mechanisms. Seven normal subjects underwent three-dimensional (3-D) gait analysis using a CODA MPX 30(R) analyser. The subjects were fitted with raises of varying heights to one lower limb and then analysed in static and dynamic modes. Pelvic obliquity was the most common mechanism used to compensate for small degrees of leg length discrepancy up to 2.2 cm, particularly in static standing. With larger degrees of discrepancy, the subjects developed flexion of the knee of the longer leg. Compensatory mechanisms during walking were more complex and included a combination of kinematic changes at the pelvis, knee and ankle. We developed mathematical models for the compensatory mechanisms at all the three levels. We conclude that 3-D gait analysis is a useful tool in the assessment of patients with functional and structural leg length discrepancies.
下肢长度不等（LLD）的患者会形成代偿机制，这会导致下肢和骨盆的运动学改变。我们对这些代偿机制进行了研究。七名正常受试者使用CODA MPX 30(R)分析仪进行了三维（3-D）步态分析。给受试者的一侧下肢穿戴不同高度的鞋垫，然后在静态和动态模式下进行分析。骨盆倾斜是补偿2.2厘米以内小程度下肢长度不等最常用的机制，尤其是在静态站立时。当不等程度较大时，受试者会使较长腿的膝关节屈曲。行走过程中的代偿机制更为复杂，包括骨盆、膝关节和踝关节的运动学变化组合。我们建立了所有三个层面代偿机制的数学模型。我们得出结论，三维步态分析是评估功能性和结构性下肢长度不等患者的有用工具。
