Gardner R P, Liu L
Center for Engineering Applications of Radioisotopes, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7909, USA.
Appl Radiat Isot. 2000 Oct-Nov;53(4-5):837-55. doi: 10.1016/s0969-8043(00)00233-5.
Monte Carlo simulation is fast becoming a standard approach for many radiation applications that were previously treated almost entirely by experimental techniques. This is certainly true for Industrial Radiation and Radioisotope Measurement Applications--IRRMA. The reasons for this include: (1) the increased cost and inadequacy of experimentation for design and interpretation purposes; (2) the availability of low cost, large memory, and fast personal computers; and (3) the general availability of general purpose Monte Carlo codes that are increasingly user-friendly, efficient, and accurate. This paper discusses the history and present status of Monte Carlo simulation for IRRMA including the general purpose (GP) and specific purpose (SP) Monte Carlo codes and future needs--primarily from the experience of the authors.
蒙特卡罗模拟正迅速成为许多辐射应用的标准方法，这些应用以前几乎完全通过实验技术来处理。对于工业辐射和放射性同位素测量应用（IRRMA）来说确实如此。这样做的原因包括：（1）用于设计和解释目的的实验成本增加且不够充分；（2）低成本、大内存和快速个人计算机的可用性；（3）通用蒙特卡罗代码的普遍可用性，这些代码越来越便于用户使用、高效且准确。本文主要根据作者的经验，讨论了用于IRRMA的蒙特卡罗模拟的历史和现状，包括通用（GP）和专用（SP）蒙特卡罗代码以及未来需求。
