Furuya S, Tabata T, Mitoma J, Yamada K, Yamasaki M, Makino A, Yamamoto T, Watanabe M, Kano M, Hirabayashi Y
Neuronal Circuit Mechanisms Research Group, Brain Science Institute, Frontier Research Program, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Oct 10;97(21):11528-33. doi: 10.1073/pnas.200364497.
Glial cells support the survival and development of central neurons through the supply of trophic factors. Here we demonstrate that l-serine (l-Ser) and glycine (Gly) also are glia-derived trophic factors. These amino acids are released by astroglial cells and promote the survival, dendritogenesis, and electrophysiological development of cultured cerebellar Purkinje neurons. Although l-Ser and Gly are generally classified as nonessential amino acids, 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (3PGDH), a key enzyme for their biosynthesis, is not expressed in Purkinje neurons. By contrast, the Bergman glia, a native astroglia in the cerebellar cortex, highly expresses 3PGDH. These data suggest that l-Ser and Gly mediate the trophic actions of glial cells on Purkinje neurons.
神经胶质细胞通过提供营养因子来支持中枢神经元的存活和发育。在此，我们证明L-丝氨酸（L-Ser）和甘氨酸（Gly）也是神经胶质细胞衍生的营养因子。这些氨基酸由星形胶质细胞释放，并促进培养的小脑浦肯野神经元的存活、树突形成和电生理发育。尽管L-Ser和Gly通常被归类为非必需氨基酸，但其生物合成的关键酶3-磷酸甘油酸脱氢酶（3PGDH）在浦肯野神经元中并不表达。相比之下，小脑皮质中的天然星形胶质细胞——伯格曼胶质细胞则高度表达3PGDH。这些数据表明，L-Ser和Gly介导了神经胶质细胞对浦肯野神经元的营养作用。
